Incidence of Non-Immunological Defenses of Soil White Grubs on Parasitism Success of Mallophora ruficauda Larva (Diptera: Asilidae)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Insects
2.2. Parasitism Patterns
2.2.1. Field Parasitism Pattern
2.2.2. Laboratory Parasitism Pattern
2.3. Parasitism Behavioral Escape
2.4. Statistics
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Field and Laboratory Parasitism Patterns
3.2. Magnitude of Non-Immunological Response
Species | N Field* | FP (%)* | N Laboratory | LP (%) | 100-LP (%) | Mean Weight (gr) | Mean SARI score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CS | 945 (180) | 19.05 | 331 (269) | 81.27 | 18.73 | 0.745 | 0.404 |
CM | 182 (14) | 7.69 | 79 (57) | 72.15 | 27.85 | 0.320 | 0.420 |
CP | 81 (3) | 3.70 | 107 (56) | 52.34 | 47.66 | 0.649 | 0.484 |
AT | 125 (1) | 0.80 | 76 (2) | 2.63 | 97.37 | 0.586 | 0.725 |
DA | 93 (2) | 2.15 | 59 (6) | 10.17 | 89.83 | 2.225 | 0.534 |
PB | 1005 (7) | 0.70 | 130 (7) | 5.38 | 94.62 | 0.469 | 0.598 |
AV | 18 (1) | 5.56 | - | - | - | - | - |
BS | 2 (0) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - |
HB | 3 (0) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - |
Model | s(SARI) | s(mean.weight) | Intercept | Dev. explained | R2 adj | Anova (model 1 vs model 3) | GCV score | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EDF | F | p | EDF | F | p | E | SE | t | p | Dev | F | p | ||||
Model 1 | 1.878 | 47.013 | 0.020 | 1.082 | 2.084 | 0.292 | 0.627 | 0.032 | 19.74 | <<0.005 | 98% | 0.952 | 0.013 | 2.041 | 0.289 | 0.018 |
Model 2 | - | - | - | 1.000 | 0.519 | 0.511 | 0.627 | 0.153 | 4.102 | <<0.05 | 11.5% | −0.106 | 0.535 | 70.936 | 0.003 | 0.210 |
Model 3 | 1.923 | 35.34 | 0.008 | - | - | - | 0.627 | 0.037 | 16.98 | <<0.001 | 96% | 0.935 | - | - | - | 0.016 |
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Castelo, M.K.; Crespo, J.E. Incidence of Non-Immunological Defenses of Soil White Grubs on Parasitism Success of Mallophora ruficauda Larva (Diptera: Asilidae). Insects 2012, 3, 692-708. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692
Castelo MK, Crespo JE. Incidence of Non-Immunological Defenses of Soil White Grubs on Parasitism Success of Mallophora ruficauda Larva (Diptera: Asilidae). Insects. 2012; 3(3):692-708. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastelo, Marcela K., and José E. Crespo. 2012. "Incidence of Non-Immunological Defenses of Soil White Grubs on Parasitism Success of Mallophora ruficauda Larva (Diptera: Asilidae)" Insects 3, no. 3: 692-708. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692