Water 2011, 3(1), 146-156; doi:10.3390/w3010146
Article

Phosphorus Accumulation Pattern in a Subsurface Constructed Wetland Treating Residential Wastewater

Agnieszka Karczmarczyk 1,* email and Gunno Renman 2 email
1 Department of Environmental Improvement, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 76, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 7 December 2010 / Accepted: 17 January 2011 / Published: 27 January 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Pollution Management by Constructed Wetlands and On Site Filter Technologies)
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Abstract: A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland was investigated after eight years of residential wastewater discharge (150 person equivalents). Twenty core samples distributed over the entire wetland were taken from the soil matrix. The distribution pattern of phosphorus (P) accumulation in the substrate of the wetland was determined using kriging technique and P sorption was related to the content of aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe). The correlations found between Al, Ca and Fe content and P accumulation in the bed substrate were weak: R2 = 0.09, R2 = 0.21 and R2 = 0.28, respectively. Great heterogeneity was observed in the distribution of Ca, P and organic matter in the superficial and deeper layers of the bed. Hydraulic problems associated with wastewater discharge and conductivity of the bed substrate were suggested to have negative effects on the wetland performance.
Keywords: kriging technique; organic matter; phosphorus distribution; sorption; wastewater

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MDPI and ACS Style

Karczmarczyk, A.; Renman, G. Phosphorus Accumulation Pattern in a Subsurface Constructed Wetland Treating Residential Wastewater. Water 2011, 3, 146-156.

AMA Style

Karczmarczyk A, Renman G. Phosphorus Accumulation Pattern in a Subsurface Constructed Wetland Treating Residential Wastewater. Water. 2011; 3(1):146-156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karczmarczyk, Agnieszka; Renman, Gunno. 2011. "Phosphorus Accumulation Pattern in a Subsurface Constructed Wetland Treating Residential Wastewater." Water 3, no. 1: 146-156.

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