Pharmaceutics 2012, 4(1), 42-57; doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics4010042
Review

Novel Experimental and Clinical Therapeutic Uses of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin/Protamine Microparticles

Satoko Kishimoto 1,2 email, Masayuki Ishihara 1,* email, Megumi Takikawa 3 email, Yasutaka Mori 1,4 email, Hidemi Hattori 1 email, Masanori Fujita 1 email and Shingo Nakamura 5 email
1 Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan 2 Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-8472, Japan 3 Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513 Japan 4 Aeromedical Laboratory, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, 2-3 Inariyama, Sayama, Saitama 350-1394, Japan 5 Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 1 December 2011; in revised form: 31 December 2011 / Accepted: 31 December 2011 / Published: 11 January 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microencapsulation Technology Applied to Pharmaceutics)
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Abstract: Low-molecular-weight heparin/protamine microparticles (LMW-H/P MPs) were produced as a carrier for heparin-binding growth factors (GFs) and for various adhesive cells. A mixture of low-molecular-weight heparin (MW: approximately 5000 Da, 6.4 mg/mL) and protamine (MW: approximately 3000 Da, 10 mg/mL) at a ratio of 7:3 (vol:vol) yields a dispersion of microparticles (0.5–3 µm in diameter). LMW-H/P MPs immobilize, control the release and protect the activity of GFs. LMW-H/P MPs can also bind to cell surfaces, causing these cells to interact with the LMW-H/P MPs, inducing cells/MPs-aggregate formation and substantially promoting cellular viability. Furthermore, LMW-H/P MPs can efficiently bind to tissue culture plates and retain the binding of important GFs, such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2. The LMW-H/P MPs-coated matrix with various GFs or cytokines may provide novel biomaterials that can control cellular activity such as growth and differentiation. Thus, LMW-H/P MPs are an excellent carrier for GFs and various cells and are an efficient coating matrix for cell cultures.
Keywords: entrapment; microparticles; coating; polymeric drug delivery systems

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Kishimoto, S.; Ishihara, M.; Takikawa, M.; Mori, Y.; Hattori, H.; Fujita, M.; Nakamura, S. Novel Experimental and Clinical Therapeutic Uses of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin/Protamine Microparticles. Pharmaceutics 2012, 4, 42-57.

AMA Style

Kishimoto S, Ishihara M, Takikawa M, Mori Y, Hattori H, Fujita M, Nakamura S. Novel Experimental and Clinical Therapeutic Uses of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin/Protamine Microparticles. Pharmaceutics. 2012; 4(1):42-57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kishimoto, Satoko; Ishihara, Masayuki; Takikawa, Megumi; Mori, Yasutaka; Hattori, Hidemi; Fujita, Masanori; Nakamura, Shingo. 2012. "Novel Experimental and Clinical Therapeutic Uses of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin/Protamine Microparticles." Pharmaceutics 4, no. 1: 42-57.

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