Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2012, 9(6), 2075-2091; doi:10.3390/ijerph9062075
Review

Mechanism of Generation of Therapy Related Leukemia in Response to Anti-Topoisomerase II Agents

Ian G. Cowell* email and Caroline A. Austinemail
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE2 4HH, UK
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 2 May 2012; in revised form: 23 May 2012 / Accepted: 29 May 2012 / Published: 31 May 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leukemia Arising from Chemical Exposures and Chemotherapeutic Drugs)
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Abstract: Type II DNA topoisomerases have the ability to generate a transient DNA double-strand break through which a second duplex can be passed; an activity essential for DNA decatenation and unknotting. Topoisomerase poisons stabilize the normally transient topoisomerase-induced DSBs and are potent and widely used anticancer drugs. However, their use is associated with therapy-related secondary leukemia, often bearing 11q23 translocations involving the MLL gene. We will explain recent discoveries in the fields of topoisomerase biology and transcription that have consequences for our understanding of the etiology of leukemia, especially therapy-related secondary leukemia and describe how these findings may help minimize the occurrence of these neoplasias.
Keywords: topoisomerase II; TOP2; translocation; leukemia; AML; etoposide; mitoxantrone; epirubicin; transcription; carcinogen

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Cowell, I.G.; Austin, C.A. Mechanism of Generation of Therapy Related Leukemia in Response to Anti-Topoisomerase II Agents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2012, 9, 2075-2091.

AMA Style

Cowell IG, Austin CA. Mechanism of Generation of Therapy Related Leukemia in Response to Anti-Topoisomerase II Agents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2012; 9(6):2075-2091.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cowell, Ian G.; Austin, Caroline A. 2012. "Mechanism of Generation of Therapy Related Leukemia in Response to Anti-Topoisomerase II Agents." Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 9, no. 6: 2075-2091.

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