Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14(2), 121; doi:10.3390/ijerph14020121
Attitudes and Learning through Practice Are Key to Delivering Brief Interventions for Heavy Drinking in Primary Health Care: Analyses from the ODHIN Five Country Cluster Randomized Factorial Trial
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Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
2
Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200, The Netherlands
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Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
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Centre for Nursing Research, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Deventer 7513, The Netherlands
5
Department of Medical Specialist, Linköping University, Motala 58183, Sweden
6
Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Motala 58183, Sweden
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Psychiatry Determent, Neurosciences Institute, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona 08003, Spain
8
Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-091, Poland
10
Independent Laboratory of Family Physician Education, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
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National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London WC2B 5RL, UK
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National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
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State Agency for Prevention of Alcohol-Related Problems, Warsaw 59620-2905, Poland
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Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
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Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Paul B. Tchounwou
Received: 6 December 2016 / Revised: 18 January 2017 / Accepted: 20 January 2017 / Published: 26 January 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol and Health)
Abstract
In this paper, we test path models that study the interrelations between primary health care provider attitudes towards working with drinkers, their screening and brief advice activity, and their receipt of training and support and financial reimbursement. Study participants were 756 primary health care providers from 120 primary health care units (PHCUs) in different locations throughout Catalonia, England, The Netherlands, Poland, and Sweden. Our interventions were training and support and financial reimbursement to providers. Our design was a randomized factorial trial with baseline measurement period, 12-week implementation period, and 9-month follow-up measurement period. Our outcome measures were: attitudes of individual providers in working with drinkers as measured by the Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire; and the proportion of consulting adult patients (age 18+ years) who screened positive and were given advice to reduce their alcohol consumption (intervention activity). We found that more positive attitudes were associated with higher intervention activity, and higher intervention activity was then associated with more positive attitudes. Training and support was associated with both positive changes in attitudes and higher intervention activity. Financial reimbursement was associated with more positive attitudes through its impact on higher intervention activity. We conclude that improving primary health care providers’ screening and brief advice activity for heavy drinking requires a combination of training and support and on-the-job experience of actually delivering screening and brief advice activity. View Full-TextKeywords:
primary health care; heavy drinking; screening and brief advice; training and support; financial reimbursement; role security; therapeutic commitment; short alcohol and alcohol problems perception questionnaire
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
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Anderson, P.; Kaner, E.; Keurhorst, M.; Bendtsen, P.; Steenkiste, B.V.; Reynolds, J.; Segura, L.; Wojnar, M.; Kłoda, K.; Parkinson, K.; Drummond, C.; Okulicz-Kozaryn, K.; Mierzecki, A.; Laurant, M.; Newbury-Birch, D.; Gual, A. Attitudes and Learning through Practice Are Key to Delivering Brief Interventions for Heavy Drinking in Primary Health Care: Analyses from the ODHIN Five Country Cluster Randomized Factorial Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 121.
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