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Sensors 2010, 10(4), 2694-2708; doi:10.3390/s100402694
Article
Infrared Spectroscopy on Smoke Produced by Cauterization of Animal Tissue
Laser Spectroscopy and Sensing Lab, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstr. 16, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 24 January 2010; in revised form: 20 February 2010 / Accepted: 19 March 2010 / Published: 26 March 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Spectroscopy and Sensing)
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Abstract: In view of in vivo surgical smoke studies a difference-frequency-generation (DFG) laser spectrometer (spectral range 2900–3144 cm-1) and a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer were employed for infrared absorption spectroscopy. The chemical composition of smoke produced in vitro with an electroknife by cauterization of different animal tissues in different atmospheres was investigated. Average concentrations derived are: water vapor (0.87%), methane (20 ppm), ethane (4.8 ppm), ethene (17 ppm), carbon monoxide (190 ppm), nitric oxide (25 ppm), nitrous oxide (40 ppm), ethyne (50 ppm) and hydrogen cyanide (25 ppm). No correlation between smoke composition and the atmosphere or the kind of cauterized tissue was found.
Keywords: infrared laser spectroscopy; surgical smoke; in vitro; difference frequency generation
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MDPI and ACS Style
Gianella, M.; Sigrist, M.W. Infrared Spectroscopy on Smoke Produced by Cauterization of Animal Tissue. Sensors 2010, 10, 2694-2708.
AMA StyleGianella M, Sigrist MW. Infrared Spectroscopy on Smoke Produced by Cauterization of Animal Tissue. Sensors. 2010; 10(4):2694-2708.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGianella, Michele; Sigrist, Markus W. 2010. "Infrared Spectroscopy on Smoke Produced by Cauterization of Animal Tissue." Sensors 10, no. 4: 2694-2708.