Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(12), 16971-16985; doi:10.3390/ijms131216971
Article

Increased Insulin Sensitivity and Distorted Mitochondrial Adaptations during Muscle Unloading

Zhengtang Qi 1,2 email, Yuan Zhang 1,2 email, Wei Guo 3 email, Liu Ji 1,2 email and Shuzhe Ding 2,* email
1 Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China 2 School of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China 3 Hangzhou Institute of Sports Science, Hangzhou 310004, China
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 23 September 2012; in revised form: 27 November 2012 / Accepted: 29 November 2012 / Published: 11 December 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine)
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Abstract: We aimed to further investigate mitochondrial adaptations to muscle disuse and the consequent metabolic disorders. Male rats were submitted to hindlimb unloading (HU) for three weeks. Interestingly, HU increased insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and decreased blood level of triglyceride and insulin. In skeletal muscle, HU decreased expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) and its protein level in mitochondria. HU decreased mtDNA content and mitochondrial biogenesis biomarkers. Dynamin-related protein (Drp1) in mitochondria and Mfn2 mRNA level were decreased significantly by HU. Our findings provide more extensive insight into mitochondrial adaptations to muscle disuse, involving the shift of fuel utilization towards glucose, the decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and the distorted mitochondrial dynamics.
Keywords: mitochondrial; insulin sensitivity; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4; hindlimb unloading; skeletal muscle

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Qi, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Guo, W.; Ji, L.; Ding, S. Increased Insulin Sensitivity and Distorted Mitochondrial Adaptations during Muscle Unloading. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 16971-16985.

AMA Style

Qi Z, Zhang Y, Guo W, Ji L, Ding S. Increased Insulin Sensitivity and Distorted Mitochondrial Adaptations during Muscle Unloading. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(12):16971-16985.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qi, Zhengtang; Zhang, Yuan; Guo, Wei; Ji, Liu; Ding, Shuzhe. 2012. "Increased Insulin Sensitivity and Distorted Mitochondrial Adaptations during Muscle Unloading." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13, no. 12: 16971-16985.

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