Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(10), 12153-12168; doi:10.3390/ijms131012153
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Prognostic and Predictive Roles of KRAS Mutation in Colorectal Cancer

Amanda K. Arrington 1,* email, Eileen L. Heinrich 1 email, Wendy Lee 1 email, Marjun Duldulao 1 email, Supriya Patel 2 email, Julian Sanchez 1 email, Julio Garcia-Aguilar 3 email and Joseph Kim 1,* email
1 Division of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA 2 Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90001, USA 3 Division of Colorectal Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 11597, USA
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 26 July 2012; in revised form: 6 September 2012 / Accepted: 6 September 2012 / Published: 25 September 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Oncology)
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Abstract: The RAS gene family is among the most studied and best characterized of the known cancer-related genes. Of the three human ras isoforms, KRAS is the most frequently altered gene, with mutations occurring in 17%–25% of all cancers. In particular, approximately 30%–40% of colon cancers harbor a KRAS mutation. KRAS mutations in colon cancers have been associated with poorer survival and increased tumor aggressiveness. Additionally, KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer lead to resistance to select treatment strategies. In this review we examine the history of KRAS, its prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer, and evidence supporting its predictive value in determining appropriate therapies for patients with colorectal cancer.
Keywords: KRAS; colorectal cancer; colon cancer; EGFR; Let7; ras; oncogenes

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Arrington, A.K.; Heinrich, E.L.; Lee, W.; Duldulao, M.; Patel, S.; Sanchez, J.; Garcia-Aguilar, J.; Kim, J. Prognostic and Predictive Roles of KRAS Mutation in Colorectal Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 12153-12168.

AMA Style

Arrington AK, Heinrich EL, Lee W, Duldulao M, Patel S, Sanchez J, Garcia-Aguilar J, Kim J. Prognostic and Predictive Roles of KRAS Mutation in Colorectal Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(10):12153-12168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arrington, Amanda K.; Heinrich, Eileen L.; Lee, Wendy; Duldulao, Marjun; Patel, Supriya; Sanchez, Julian; Garcia-Aguilar, Julio; Kim, Joseph. 2012. "Prognostic and Predictive Roles of KRAS Mutation in Colorectal Cancer." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13, no. 10: 12153-12168.

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