Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12(9), 6281-6292; doi:10.3390/ijms12096281
Article

Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Gianluigi Zanusso 1,* email, Michele Fiorini 1 email, Sergio Ferrari 1 email, Alberto Gajofatto 2 email, Annachiara Cagnin 3 email, Andrea Galassi 4 email, Silvia Richelli 2 email and Salvatore Monaco 1,* email
1 Section of Neuropathology, Department of Neurological, Neuropsychological, Morphological and Motor Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy 2 Section of Clinical Neurology, Department of Neurological, Neuropsychological, Morphological and Motor Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy 3 Section of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, Italy 4 Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Health Care Direction, San Bortolo General Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 24 August 2011; in revised form: 16 September 2011 / Accepted: 20 September 2011 / Published: 23 September 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers 2011)
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Abstract: Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is the commonest form of human prion diseases, accounting for about 85% of all cases. Current criteria for intra vitam diagnosis include a distinct phenotype, periodic sharp and slow-wave complexes at electroencephalography (EEG), and a positive 14-3-3-protein assay in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In sCJD, the disease phenotype may vary, depending upon the genotype at codon 129 of the prion protein gene (PRNP), a site of a common methionine/valine polymorphism, and two distinct conformers of the pathological prion protein. Based on the combination of these molecular determinants, six different sCJD subtypes are recognized, each with distinctive clinical and pathologic phenotypes. We analyzed CSF samples from 127 subjects with definite sCJD to assess the diagnostic value of 14-3-3 protein, total tau protein, phosphorylated181 tau, and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide 1-42, either alone or in combination. While the 14-3-3 assay and tau protein levels were the most sensitive indicators of sCJD, the highest sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were obtained when all the above markers were combined. The latter approach also allowed a reliable differential diagnosis with other neurodegenerative dementias.
Keywords: sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; 14-3-3 protein; tau protein; amyloid beta peptide

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Zanusso, G.; Fiorini, M.; Ferrari, S.; Gajofatto, A.; Cagnin, A.; Galassi, A.; Richelli, S.; Monaco, S. Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 6281-6292.

AMA Style

Zanusso G, Fiorini M, Ferrari S, Gajofatto A, Cagnin A, Galassi A, Richelli S, Monaco S. Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12(9):6281-6292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zanusso, Gianluigi; Fiorini, Michele; Ferrari, Sergio; Gajofatto, Alberto; Cagnin, Annachiara; Galassi, Andrea; Richelli, Silvia; Monaco, Salvatore. 2011. "Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 12, no. 9: 6281-6292.

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