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Improving the Yields of Blood Cell Extractions from Botryllus schlosseri Vasculature

Abstract
The urochordate Botryllus schlosseri belongs to the Vertebrata’s closest living invertebrate group. This colonial species represents an invertebrate model system that maintain high capacity of adult stem cell activity, where various blood cell types, expressing multipotent or totipotent phenotypes, circulate in vasculature throughout life. While in vitro cultures of isolated blood cells from Botryllus may serve as indispensable tools for studying stem cells biology, up to date, there is no single established cell line available from Botryllus, since drawn cells stop dividing in vitro within 24-72h after isolation and many of the cultures are commonly contaminated by bacteria and protists. Moreover, low yields of blood cells are of significant hindrance to the development of long-term cultures since lower numbers of cells eventually lead to poor results. Tackling these two critical technical obstacles, we present here methodologies for improved aseptic conditions and for higher yields of cells extracted from colonial vasculature. This study was performed on two colonial stocks (Israel, laboratory stocks; Helgoland, Germany- field collected stocks) which resulted with a significant difference in the numbers of cell extractions between the two stocks and significantly different blood cell yields between various blastogenic stages (laboratory stocks), further revealing differences between field/laboratory-maintained colonies

Table of Contents: Advances in Aquatic Invertebrate Stem Cell Research

Adult Stem Cells Host Intracellular Symbionts: The Poriferan Archetype

AEAlexander EreskovskyAlexander Ereskovsky
ISIldiko M. L. SomorjaiIldiko M. L. Somorjai

Oxylipins: Role in Stem Cell Biology

HLHelike LõhelaidHelike Lõhelaid
TTTarvi TederTarvi Teder

Molecular Regulation of Decision Making in the Interstitial Stem Cell Lineage of Hydra Revisited

MLMarion LechableMarion Lechable
MAMatthias AchrainerMatthias Achrainer
MKMaren KruusMaren Kruus
WSWilli SalvenmoserWilli Salvenmoser

Planarian Stem Cells: Pluripotency Maintenance and Fate Determination

GGGaetana GambinoGaetana Gambino
LRLeonardo RossiLeonardo Rossi
ASAlessandra SalvettiAlessandra Salvetti

Current Knowledge on Stem Cells in Ascidians

VVVirginia VanniVirginia Vanni
CAChiara AnselmiChiara Anselmi
LBLoriano BallarinLoriano Ballarin
LDLaura DragoLaura Drago
FGFabio GaspariniFabio Gasparini
TGTal GordonTal Gordon
APAnna PeronatoAnna Peronato
BRBenyamin RosentalBenyamin Rosental
ARAmalia RosnerAmalia Rosner
ASAntonietta SpagnuoloAntonietta Spagnuolo
LMLucia ManniLucia Manni
AVAyelet VoskoboynikAyelet Voskoboynik

Sweet Tunicate Blood Cells: A Glycan Profiling of Haemocytes in Three Ascidian Species

FZFan ZengFan Zeng
APAnna PeronatoAnna Peronato
LBLoriano BallarinLoriano Ballarin
URUte RothbächerUte Rothbächer