Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume

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Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is the expanded second edition of the Topic: Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults that 1st edition was resulted in publishing of 35 papers.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are focused on preserving the global environment and creating an equitable human society. All countries and stakeholders, acting in collaborative partnership, will work toward the SDGs. Dentistry will unexceptionally contribute to one of the SDGs, “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”.

As is well known, oral health can contribute to wellbeing and quality of life. Oral health and oral diseases are closely associated with systemic conditions and diseases. Thus, it is very important for all people to manage oral health and prevent oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral cancer, eating disorders, oral malodor, malocclusion, oral dysfunction, temporomandibular disorders, bruxism, etc. In particular, the prevention of oral diseases at an earlier age is quite challenging but is essential for future life.

Hence, this Special Issue will focus on oral health management for children, adolescents, and adults. New research articles, reviews, and case reports are welcome. Articles dealing with new approaches to prevent oral diseases and with risk assessment and education are also welcome. Other accepted manuscript types include methodological papers, position papers, and brief reports.

Dr. Daisuke Ekuni
Dr. Hiroaki Inaba
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Children children	2.4	2.0	2014	13.8 Days	CHF 2400
Dentistry Journal dentistry	2.6	4.0	2013	27.8 Days	CHF 2000
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ijerph	-	5.4	2004	29.6 Days	CHF 2500
Nutrients nutrients	5.9	9.0	2009	14.5 Days	CHF 2900
Oral oral	-	-	2021	27.7 Days	CHF 1000

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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All Children Dentistry Journal IJERPH Nutrients Oral

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16 pages, 293 KiB  

Open AccessReview

The Potential Systemic Role of Diet in Dental Caries Development and Arrest: A Narrative Review

by Ashley J. Malin, Zhilin Wang, Durdana Khan and Sarah L. McKune

Nutrients 2024, 16(10), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16101463 - 13 May 2024

Viewed by 609

Abstract

Current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology center primarily on the local role of sugar, starch, or other fermentable carbohydrates on tooth enamel demineralization—a well-established and empirically supported mechanism. However, in addition to this mechanism, studies dating back to the early 1900s point to [...] Read more.

Current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology center primarily on the local role of sugar, starch, or other fermentable carbohydrates on tooth enamel demineralization—a well-established and empirically supported mechanism. However, in addition to this mechanism, studies dating back to the early 1900s point to an important systemic role of diet and nutrition, particularly from pasture-raised animal-source foods (ASF), in dental caries etiology and arrest. Findings from animal and human studies suggest that adherence to a diet high in calcium, phosphorus, fat-soluble vitamins A and D, and antioxidant vitamin C, as well as low in phytates, may contribute to arrest and reversal of dental caries, particularly among children. Furthermore, findings from observational and experimental studies of humans across the life-course suggest that fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and K2 may interact to protect against dental caries progression, even within a diet that regularly contains sugar. While these historic studies have not been revisited in decades, we emphasize the need for them to be reinvestigated and contextualized in the 21st century. Specifically, methodologically rigorous studies are needed to reinvestigate whether historical knowledge of systemic impacts of nutrition on dental health can help to inform current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology, prevention, and arrest. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume)

15 pages, 1607 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Probiotics Partly Suppress the Impact of Sugar Stress on the Oral Microbiota—A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

by Christine Lundtorp Olsen, Laura Massarenti, Vincent Frederik Dahl Vendius, Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy, Annina Van Splunter, Floris J. Bikker, Mervi Gürsoy, Christian Damgaard, Merete Markvart and Daniel Belstrøm

Nutrients 2023, 15(22), 4810; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224810 - 17 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1564

Abstract

The aim was to test if probiotics counteract oral dysbiosis during 14 days of sugar stress and subsequently help restore oral homeostasis. Eighty healthy individuals received either probiotics (n = 40) or placebo lozenges (n = 40) for 28 days and [...] Read more.

The aim was to test if probiotics counteract oral dysbiosis during 14 days of sugar stress and subsequently help restore oral homeostasis. Eighty healthy individuals received either probiotics (n = 40) or placebo lozenges (n = 40) for 28 days and rinsed with a 10% sucrose solution 6–8 times during the initial 14 days of the trial. Saliva and supragingival samples were collected at baseline, day 14, and day 28. Saliva samples were analyzed for levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, albumin, and salivary enzyme activity. The supragingival microbiota was characterized according to the Human Oral Microbiome Database. After 14 days of sugar stress, the relative abundance of Porphyromonas species was significantly higher (p = 0.03) and remained significantly elevated at day 28 in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.004). At day 28, the relative abundance of Kingella species was significantly higher in the probiotic group (p = 0.03). Streptococcus gordinii and Neisseria elongata were associated with the probiotic group on day 28, while Streptococcus sobrinus was associated with the placebo group on day 14 and day 28. On day 28, the salivary albumin level was significantly lower in the probiotic group. The present study demonstrates a potential stabilizing effect on the supragingival microbiota mediated by consumption of probiotics during short-term sugar stress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume)

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15 pages, 2683 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Probiotics Support Resilience of the Oral Microbiota during Resolution after Experimental Gingivitis—A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

by Christine Lundtorp Olsen, Laura Massarenti, Vincent Frederik Dahl Vendius, Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy, Annina Van Splunter, Floris J. Bikker, Mervi Gürsoy, Christian Damgaard, Merete Markvart and Daniel Belstrøm

Nutrients 2023, 15(22), 4805; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224805 - 16 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1706

Abstract

The present study aims to test whether probiotics protect against experimental gingivitis incited by 14 days of oral hygiene neglect and/or subsequently support the restoration of oral homeostasis. Eighty systemically and orally healthy participants refrained from oral hygiene procedures for 14 days, followed [...] Read more.

The present study aims to test whether probiotics protect against experimental gingivitis incited by 14 days of oral hygiene neglect and/or subsequently support the restoration of oral homeostasis. Eighty systemically and orally healthy participants refrained from oral hygiene procedures for 14 days, followed by 14 days with regular oral hygiene procedures. Additionally, participants consumed either probiotics (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) throughout the trial. At baseline, day 14, and day 28, supragingival plaque score and bleeding-on-probing percentage (BOP %) were registered, and supragingival plaque and saliva samples were collected. The supragingival microbiota was characterized using 16S sequencing, and saliva samples were analyzed for levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases. At day 28, the relative abundance of Lautropia (p = 0.014), Prevotella (p = 0.046), Fusobacterium (p = 0.033), and Selenomonas (p = 0.0078) genera were significantly higher in the placebo group compared to the probiotics group, while the relative abundance of Rothia (p = 0.047) species was associated with the probiotics group. Streptococcus sanguinis was associated with the probiotics group, while Campylobacter gracilis was associated with the placebo group. No difference was observed in salivary cytokines, albumin, or any enzyme activity. The present study suggests that probiotics support the resilience of the oral microbiota in the resolution period after gingivitis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume)

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12 pages, 611 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Descriptive Study of Oral Health in an Indigenous Child Population of Baka Pygmies in Cameroon

by Nicias Afoumpam Poni, David Ribas-Pérez, Javier Flores-Fraile, Paloma Villalva Hernández-Franch, Diego Rodríguez-Menacho and Antonio Castaño-Séiquer

Dent. J. 2023, 11(10), 237; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11100237 - 12 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1497

Abstract

Indigenous populations around the world experience a disproportionate burden of oral diseases and health conditions. These inequalities are likely due to a complex web of socioeconomic, cultural, and health determinants. The Baka pygmies of southern Cameroon find themselves in this context of an [...] Read more.

Indigenous populations around the world experience a disproportionate burden of oral diseases and health conditions. These inequalities are likely due to a complex web of socioeconomic, cultural, and health determinants. The Baka pygmies of southern Cameroon find themselves in this context of an indigenous population with health inequities. The purpose of this study was to describe the oral health status, diet, hygiene habits, and access to health services of the Baka pygmy children, from which different care needs will emerge in order to develop health strategies. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 22 Baka pygmy camps randomly selected. The study population consisted of children aged 5–6 years and 11–12 years chosen by a consecutive sampling technique. The examination was performed using a data sheet based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and recommendations which consisted of an oral health questionnaire for children and an oral health assessment form for children. A total of 120 children participated in the study. Extraoral examination of the study population revealed the presence of noma (1%) in the age range of 5–6 years. A total of 2713 teeth were examined, and the DMFT/dft index of the sample was 0.71 with a predominant caries component. The periodontal status showed 87% bleeding on probing. Seven percent of the sample presented a need for immediate urgent treatment due to pain and/or infection. Eighty-seven percent of the sample reported never having been examined by a dentist. The examination and oral care they received was only from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The conclusion of this descriptive study is that the precarious oral health situation of pygmy children combined with the absence of care services in general for the Baka pygmies generate a situation of great vulnerability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume)

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15 pages, 795 KiB  

Open AccessReview

Exploring the Role of IL-17A in Oral Dysbiosis-Associated Periodontitis and Its Correlation with Systemic Inflammatory Disease

by Koichiro Irie, Tetsuji Azuma, Takaaki Tomofuji and Tatsuo Yamamoto

Dent. J. 2023, 11(8), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11080194 - 12 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1256

Abstract

Oral microbiota play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, safeguarding the oral cavity, and preventing the onset of disease. Oral dysbiosis has the potential to trigger pro-inflammatory effects and immune dysregulation, which can have a negative impact on systemic health. It is regarded [...] Read more.

Oral microbiota play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, safeguarding the oral cavity, and preventing the onset of disease. Oral dysbiosis has the potential to trigger pro-inflammatory effects and immune dysregulation, which can have a negative impact on systemic health. It is regarded as a key etiological factor for periodontitis. The emergence and persistence of oral dysbiosis have been demonstrated to mediate inflammatory pathology locally and at distant sites. The heightened inflammation observed in oral dysbiosis is dependent upon the secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by various innate and adaptive immune cells. IL-17A has been found to play a significant role in host defense mechanisms by inducing antibacterial peptides, recruiting neutrophils, and promoting local inflammation via cytokines and chemokines. This review seeks to present the current knowledge on oral dysbiosis and its prevention, as well as the underlying role of IL-17A in periodontitis induced by oral dysbiosis and its impact on systemic inflammatory disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume)

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12 pages, 527 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Pediatric Dental Emergencies during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania: A Retrospective Study

by Abel Emanuel Moca, Raluca Iurcov, Gabriela Ciavoi, Rahela Tabita Moca and Lucian Roman Șipoș

Children 2023, 10(5), 807; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10050807 - 29 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1304

Abstract

Pediatric dental emergencies can occur as a result of untreated dental caries, or can be caused by trauma or periodontal issues. The lockdown imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the number of centers authorized to deliver dental services in Romania, with only a [...] Read more.

Pediatric dental emergencies can occur as a result of untreated dental caries, or can be caused by trauma or periodontal issues. The lockdown imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the number of centers authorized to deliver dental services in Romania, with only a small number of dentists delivering dental emergency treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic characteristics of children and adolescent patients who were treated in the dental emergency department of Oradea, Romania and to compare the patients who were treated in the dental emergency department in the pre-lockdown (2019), lockdown (2020) and post-lockdown year (2021). All patients who were treated in the dental emergency department were included in the study except for adults and medical files that did not contain all relevant information. Several variables were investigated (age, gender, living environment, location of affected teeth, type of emergency). In 2019, 257 children and adolescents were treated, in 2020, 198, and in 2021, 136. Most patients were aged 7–12 years in all investigated years (2019—47.9%; 2020—50.5%; 2021—43.4%), and the most affected teeth were located in the lower posterior arch (2019—53.3%; 2020—53%; 2021—48.5%). The most frequent emergencies were pulpitis (2019—40.5%; 2020—43.9%) and acute apical periodontitis (2021—42.6%). It was observed that in 2019, patients aged between 0 and 6 years were more frequently associated with trauma (p < 0.001), and in 2019 and 2020, patients aged between 7 and 12 years were more frequently associated with periodontal emergencies (p < 0.001). In 2020, patients from rural areas were more frequently associated with pulpitis (p = 0.025), and in 2021, patients from rural areas were more frequently associated with pulpitis or acute apical periodontitis, and patients from urban areas were associated more frequently with periodontal emergencies (p = 0.042). Pediatric patients with ages between 7 and 12 years old, who lived in an urban environment were most affected. Teeth located in the lower and upper posterior dental arches were most affected, and pulpitis or acute apical periodontitis were the most common pathologies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Oral Health Management for Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 2nd Volume)

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