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Universe
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Stellar Astrophysics, 2nd Edition
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Stellar Astrophysics, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Stellar Astronomy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 1248

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Roberto Mignani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
INAF, Institute for Space Astrophysics, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: stellar astrophysics; compact objects; multi-wavelength observations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to discuss all key points in stellar astrophysics, from the evolution of stars and planetary systems, the formation of some of the most extreme objects, such as neutron stars and black holes, to the history of the formation of the first-generation stars in the early universe. Understanding these processes holds the key to link stellar astrophysics to many other branches in astronomy and astrophysics, from cosmology to planetology. In this Special Issue, which naturally follows the first Special Issue on this subject, we will focus on the role of stellar astrophysics in the global framework of modern astronomy, review the main achievements in stellar astrophysics, and outline the aims and strategies for future developments in this crucial field using the current tools, such as Gaia,  and future methods, such as the upcoming generation of extra large telescopes.

This Special Issue will cover a number of subjects, which are as follows:

  • The life cycle of stars;
  • Brown dwarfs and hot Jupiters;
  • Endpoints of stellar evolution;
  • Evolution of stars in binary systems;
  • Planetary systems in the galaxy;
  • Stellar explosions, novae and supernovae, and stellar winds;
  • Stellar magnetic fields;
  • Black holes and neutron Ssars;
  • Star formation across cosmic time;
  • Stellar dynamics and the galactic structure;
  • Mapping the galactic stellar populations with Gaia;
  • Star formation in starburst galaxies;
  • Stellar associations—open clusters and globular clusters;
  • Observational facilities and techniques;
  • Multi-wavelength synergies;
  • Stellar astrophysics with future facilities;
  • Gravitational waves from compact stellar systems.

Prof. Dr. Roberto Mignani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1043 KiB  
Article
Tidal Resonance: A Factor Worth Considering in the Orbital Evolution of Heartbeat Stars
by Jian-Wen Ou, Chen Jiang, Ming Yang, Cong Yu, Dong-Yang Gao and Guangbo Long
Universe 2023, 9(12), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9120514 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1060
Abstract
Heartbeat star systems have been reported to exhibit two distinct different orbital dynamic evolution processes: apsidal precession (e.g., KIC 4544587) and orbital decay (e.g., KIC 3766353). While experiencing similar dynamic tidal interactions, these binary systems display different dynamical behaviors, which is a puzzling [...] Read more.
Heartbeat star systems have been reported to exhibit two distinct different orbital dynamic evolution processes: apsidal precession (e.g., KIC 4544587) and orbital decay (e.g., KIC 3766353). While experiencing similar dynamic tidal interactions, these binary systems display different dynamical behaviors, which is a puzzling phenomenon. In this work, we deduced a theoretical relation between the timescale of stellar pulsation Ppul and orbital periods Porb of heartbeat stars based on the resonance criteria representing the orbital local low-energy configuration. The theoretical relation shows that when the ratio of Porb to Ppul is an integer, the specific orbital period is captured in the resonance state, resulting in resonance locking. The resonance criteria are verified by periodograms of the pulsations and orbits of the two systems KIC 4544587 and KIC 3766353 from observations. KIC 4544587 is an apsidal precession heartbeat star with eight observed resonant frequencies available from observations and has an almost integer ratio of Ppul/Porb=67.968. On the contrary, KIC 3766353 is undergoing the process of orbital shrinkage with only three weak pulsation–orbital resonance frequencies available and shows a non-integer ratio of Ppul/Porb=83.163. Given the results, the theoretical relation is a potential proxy to distinguish between apsidal precession and orbital decay binary systems. Furthermore, we predict that the orbital period of KIC 3766353 will be reduced to 2.492 days, at which time it will be transformed into apsidal precession. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stellar Astrophysics, 2nd Edition)
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