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Sci. Pharm.
Special Issues
New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption
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New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption

A special issue of Scientia Pharmaceutica (ISSN 2218-0532).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2019) | Viewed by 113368

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Miklós Vecsernyés

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: drug absorption processes; cyclodextrins; barrier systems; endocrine systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Reaching the desired concentration of the active ingredient in a target area is a great challenge in the therapeutic field. In order to influence this process, we can choose from many different pharmaceutical technological formulations. However, find the optimal route of administration is also crucial for the drug delivery system. It is also a great challenge for the active agent to get through barrier systems in the body (like blood-brain- barrier, or skin).

This Special Issue, entitled "New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption”, collects publications regarding current developments in drug delivery systems according to the area of the administration of given active ingredients. This collection will help readers gain a knowledge of the field of drug delivery systems and the main delivery gates of the body, while also providing an overview of the field.

Prof. Dr. Miklós Vecsernyés
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Scientia Pharmaceutica is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • drug delivery
  • cyclodextrins
  • nanoemulsions
  • microemulsions
  • drug absorption from GI tract
  • blood-brain barrier
  • transdermal drug delivery
  • ocular drug delivery

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Review

3 pages, 157 KiB  
Editorial
New Insights into Advanced Drug Delivery and Absorption Systems
by Miklós Vecsernyés
Sci. Pharm. 2020, 88(2), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm88020020 - 10 Apr 2020
Viewed by 3736
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of a drug depends on the method of effective delivery of the active ingredient to the site(s) of the pharmacological target area [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)

Review

Jump to: Editorial

21 pages, 3146 KiB  
Review
Cyclodextrins in Drug Delivery Systems and Their Effects on Biological Barriers
by Ádám Haimhoffer, Ágnes Rusznyák, Katalin Réti-Nagy, Gábor Vasvári, Judit Váradi, Miklós Vecsernyés, Ildikó Bácskay, Pálma Fehér, Zoltán Ujhelyi and Ferenc Fenyvesi
Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(4), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040033 - 20 Nov 2019
Cited by 105 | Viewed by 11139
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are widely used excipients, composed of glucopyranose units with a cyclic structure. One of their most important properties, is that their inner cavity is hydrophobic, while their surface is hydrophilic. This enables them for the complex formation with lipophilic molecules. They have [...] Read more.
Cyclodextrins are widely used excipients, composed of glucopyranose units with a cyclic structure. One of their most important properties, is that their inner cavity is hydrophobic, while their surface is hydrophilic. This enables them for the complex formation with lipophilic molecules. They have several applications in the pharmaceutical field like solubility enhancers or the building blocks of larger drug delivery systems. On the other hand, they have numerous effects on cells or biological barriers. In this review the most important properties of cyclodextrins and cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems are summarized with special focus on their biological activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)
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27 pages, 4283 KiB  
Review
Recent Approaches for Solid Dose Vaccine Delivery
by Nishat Jahan, Sabrina Rahman Archie, Abdullah Al Shoyaib, Nadia Kabir and Karmen Cheung
Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(4), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040027 - 14 Oct 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 6684
Abstract
Recent studies on vaccine delivery systems are exploring the possibility of replacing liquid vaccines with solid dose vaccines due to the many advantages that solid dose vaccines can offer. These include the prospect of a needle-free vaccine delivery system leading to better patient [...] Read more.
Recent studies on vaccine delivery systems are exploring the possibility of replacing liquid vaccines with solid dose vaccines due to the many advantages that solid dose vaccines can offer. These include the prospect of a needle-free vaccine delivery system leading to better patient compliance, cold chain storage, less-trained vaccinators and fewer chances for needle stick injury hazards. Some studies also indicate that vaccines in a solid dosage form can result in a higher level of immunogenicity compared to the liquid form, thus providing a dose-sparing effect. This review outlines the different approaches in solid vaccine delivery using various routes of administration including, oral, pulmonary, intranasal, buccal, sublingual, and transdermal routes. The various techniques and their current advancements will provide a knowledge base for future work to be carried out in this arena. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)
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31 pages, 4262 KiB  
Review
Microparticles, Microspheres, and Microcapsules for Advanced Drug Delivery
by Miléna Lengyel, Nikolett Kállai-Szabó, Vince Antal, András József Laki and István Antal
Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(3), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87030020 - 9 Aug 2019
Cited by 339 | Viewed by 48007
Abstract
Microparticles, microspheres, and microcapsules are widely used constituents of multiparticulate drug delivery systems, offering both therapeutic and technological advantages. Microparticles are generally in the 1–1000 µm size range, serve as multiunit drug delivery systems with well-defined physiological and pharmacokinetic benefits in order to [...] Read more.
Microparticles, microspheres, and microcapsules are widely used constituents of multiparticulate drug delivery systems, offering both therapeutic and technological advantages. Microparticles are generally in the 1–1000 µm size range, serve as multiunit drug delivery systems with well-defined physiological and pharmacokinetic benefits in order to improve the effectiveness, tolerability, and patient compliance. This paper reviews their evolution, significance, and formulation factors (excipients and procedures), as well as their most important practical applications (inhaled insulin, liposomal preparations). The article presents the most important structures of microparticles (microspheres, microcapsules, coated pellets, etc.), interpreted with microscopic images too. The most significant production processes (spray drying, extrusion, coacervation, freeze-drying, microfluidics), the drug release mechanisms, and the commonly used excipients, the characterization, and the novel drug delivery systems (microbubbles, microsponges), as well as the preparations used in therapy are discussed in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)
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Graphical abstract

21 pages, 3957 KiB  
Review
Methods to Evaluate Skin Penetration In Vitro
by Stella Zsikó, Erzsébet Csányi, Anita Kovács, Mária Budai-Szűcs, Attila Gácsi and Szilvia Berkó
Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(3), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87030019 - 8 Aug 2019
Cited by 92 | Viewed by 18390
Abstract
Dermal and transdermal drug therapy is increasing in importance nowadays in drug development. To completely utilize the potential of this administration route, it is necessary to optimize the drug release and skin penetration measurements. This review covers the most well-known and up-to-date methods [...] Read more.
Dermal and transdermal drug therapy is increasing in importance nowadays in drug development. To completely utilize the potential of this administration route, it is necessary to optimize the drug release and skin penetration measurements. This review covers the most well-known and up-to-date methods for evaluating the cutaneous penetration of drugs in vitro as a supporting tool for pharmaceutical research scientists in the early stage of drug development. The aim of this article is to present various experimental models used in dermal/transdermal research and summarize the novel knowledge about the main in vitro methods available to study skin penetration. These techniques are: Diffusion cell, skin-PAMPA, tape stripping, two-photon microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and confocal Raman microscopic method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)
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10 pages, 2554 KiB  
Review
Current Approaches to Use Cyclodextrins and Mucoadhesive Polymers in Ocular Drug Delivery—A Mini-Review
by Tivadar Bíró and Zoltán Aigner
Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(3), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87030015 - 28 Jun 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5454
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery provides a challenging opportunity to develop optimal formulations with proper therapeutic effects and acceptable patient compliance because there are many restricting factors involved, such as complex anatomical structures, defensive mechanisms, rapid drainage, and applicability issues. Fortunately, recent advances in the [...] Read more.
Ocular drug delivery provides a challenging opportunity to develop optimal formulations with proper therapeutic effects and acceptable patient compliance because there are many restricting factors involved, such as complex anatomical structures, defensive mechanisms, rapid drainage, and applicability issues. Fortunately, recent advances in the field mean that these problems can be overcome through the formulation of innovative ophthalmic products. Through the addition of solubility enhancer cyclodextrin derivatives and mucoadhesive polymers, the permeability of active ingredients is improved, and retention time is increased in the ocular surface. Therefore, preferable efficacy and bioavailability can be achieved. In this short review, the authors describe the theoretical background, technological possibilities, and the current approaches in the field of ophthalmology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)
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28 pages, 2255 KiB  
Review
Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier. Challenges and Tricks for CNS Drug Delivery
by Luca Anna Bors and Franciska Erdő
Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87010006 - 28 Feb 2019
Cited by 125 | Viewed by 19165
Abstract
Treatment of certain central nervous system disorders, including different types of cerebral malignancies, is limited by traditional oral or systemic administrations of therapeutic drugs due to possible serious side effects and/or lack of the brain penetration and, therefore, the efficacy of the drugs [...] Read more.
Treatment of certain central nervous system disorders, including different types of cerebral malignancies, is limited by traditional oral or systemic administrations of therapeutic drugs due to possible serious side effects and/or lack of the brain penetration and, therefore, the efficacy of the drugs is diminished. During the last decade, several new technologies were developed to overcome barrier properties of cerebral capillaries. This review gives a short overview of the structural elements and anatomical features of the blood–brain barrier. The various in vitro (static and dynamic), in vivo (microdialysis), and in situ (brain perfusion) blood–brain barrier models are also presented. The drug formulations and administration options to deliver molecules effectively to the central nervous system (CNS) are presented. Nanocarriers, nanoparticles (lipid, polymeric, magnetic, gold, and carbon based nanoparticles, dendrimers, etc.), viral and peptid vectors and shuttles, sonoporation and microbubbles are briefly shown. The modulation of receptors and efflux transporters in the cell membrane can also be an effective approach to enhance brain exposure to therapeutic compounds. Intranasal administration is a noninvasive delivery route to bypass the blood–brain barrier, while direct brain administration is an invasive mode to target the brain region with therapeutic drug concentrations locally. Nowadays, both technological and mechanistic tools are available to assist in overcoming the blood–brain barrier. With these techniques more effective and even safer drugs can be developed for the treatment of devastating brain disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Drug Delivery and Absorption)
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