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Medicina
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Advances in Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest
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Advances in Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Emergency Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 5149

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sebastian Schnaubelt

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Interests: atrial fibrillation; dysrhythmia; rhythm control; rate control; emergency medicine; emergency department
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sudden cardiac death remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide, and outcomes following cardiopulmonary resuscitation remain unsatisfying: even if the return of spontaneous circulation can be achieved, unfavourable neurological states and permanent disabilities often follow. However, causes of death other than major cardiac events, such as in-hospital or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, are worth investigating to improve immediate and long-term outcomes.

For this Special Issue, we are inviting colleagues from all over the world to present their latest research, articles, reviews, case series or reports. Peri-arrest, the time immediately before as well as after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, has little representation in the literature, leaving gaps of knowledge on preventing definitive arrest and the best care for patients right after the return of spontaneous circulation. Papers covering this subject are thus of particular interest.

Ranging from the optimal treatment of dysrhythmia to post-resuscitation care, this Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research in this field.

Dr. Sebastian Schnaubelt
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiac arrest
  • cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • peri-arrest
  • dysrhythmia
  • emergency medicine
  • critical care
  • prognostication
  • advanced life support

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 318 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Emergency Medical Response Team Performance during the International Winter Championships in Emergency Medicine
by Michał Ćwiertnia, Tomasz Ilczak, Piotr Białoń, Arkadiusz Stasicki, Michał Szlagor, Mieczysław Dutka, Beata Kudłacik, Maciej B. Hajduga, Monika Mikulska, Rafał Bobiński and Marek Kawecki
Medicina 2022, 58(11), 1578; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58111578 - 2 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1387
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Conducting advanced life support (ALS) according to the guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) requires medical personnel to implement the appropriate emergency actions. In particular, these actions include chest compressions, airway management, artificial ventilation, defibrillation and the administering [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Conducting advanced life support (ALS) according to the guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) requires medical personnel to implement the appropriate emergency actions. In particular, these actions include chest compressions, airway management, artificial ventilation, defibrillation and the administering of medicines. An appropriate training system enables members of medical response teams (MRT) to acquire the essential knowledge and skills necessary to correctly conduct cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). One way to improve the quality of interventions by MRT personnel is participation in emergency medicine championships. Materials and Methods: The research analysed assessment cards for tasks carried out during the International Winter Championships in Emergency Medicine in the years 2013–2020. The assessed tasks were prepared and led by European Resuscitation Council instructors of advanced life support. During ten-minute scenarios of simulated sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in adults, the judges assessed the compliance of procedures with current ERC guidelines. This research analysed the performance of 309 teams from Poland made up of paramedics from medical response units from all over the country. Results: In most cases, the study showed significant differences in the percentage of correctly performed procedures between years. Most often, the highest percentage of correctly performed procedures was recorded in 2019 and 2020. The lowest percentage of correctly performed procedures was most often recorded in 2013. In subsequent years, the percentage of use of tracheal intubation decreased (from 54.76% to 31.25%) in favour of an increase in the use of supraglottic airway device SAD (from 35.71% to 59.38%). Conclusions: The research has shown that in subsequent years of the Championships, the quality of the majority of assessed procedures carried out by members of MRT gradually improved. The research authors also observed that in subsequent years, the percentage of intubations decreased in favour of SAD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest)
9 pages, 1055 KiB  
Article
The Prognostic Value of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter/Eyeball Transverse Diameter Ratio in the Neurological Outcomes of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients
by Byeong-In Cho, Heekyung Lee, Hyungoo Shin, Changsun Kim, Hyuk-Joong Choi and Bo-Seoung Kang
Medicina 2022, 58(9), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58091233 - 6 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1492
Abstract
Background and objectives: The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is indicative of elevated intracranial pressure. However, the usefulness of the ONSD for predicting neurologic outcomes in cardiac arrest survivals has been debatable. Reportedly, the ONSD/eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) ratio is a more [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is indicative of elevated intracranial pressure. However, the usefulness of the ONSD for predicting neurologic outcomes in cardiac arrest survivals has been debatable. Reportedly, the ONSD/eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) ratio is a more reliable marker for identifying intracranial pressure than sole use of ONSD. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the ONSD/ETD ratio in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. We studied the brain computed tomography scans of adult OHCA patients with return of spontaneous circulation, who visited a single hospital connected with a Korean university between January 2015 and September 2020. We collected baseline characteristics and patient information from electronic medical records and ONSD and ETD were measured by two physicians with a pre-defined protocol. According to their neurologic outcome upon hospital discharge, patients were divided into good neurologic outcome (GNO; cerebral performance category [CPC] 1–2) and poor neurologic outcome (PNO; CPC 3–5) groups. We evaluated the ONSD/ETD ratio between the GNO and PNO groups to establish its prognostic value for neurologic outcomes. Results: Of the 100 included patients, 28 had GNO. Both the ONSD and ETD were not significantly different between the two groups (ONSD, 5.48 mm vs. 5.66 mm, p = 0.054; ETD, 22.98 mm vs. 22.61 mm, p = 0.204). However, the ONSD/ETD ratio was significantly higher in the PNO group in the univariate analysis (0.239 vs. 0.255, p = 0.014). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of ONSD/ETD ratio for predicting PNO was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.56–0.75; p = 0.006). There was no independent relationship between the ONSD/ETD ratio and PNO in multivariate analysis (aOR = 0.000; p = 0.173). Conclusions: The ONSD/ETD ratio was more reliable than sole use of ONSD and might be used to predict neurologic outcomes in OHCA survivors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest)
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8 pages, 676 KiB  
Case Report
Adult Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Hypoxic Cardiac Arrest—Coexistent or Causal? A Hypothesis-Generating Case Report
by Sebastian Schnaubelt, Felix Eibensteiner, Marieke Merrelaar, Daniel Tihanyi, Robert Strassl, Christian Clodi, Hans Domanovits, Heidrun Losert and Michael Holzer
Medicina 2022, 58(8), 1121; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58081121 - 18 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1863
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a well-known pathogen in paediatric patients. However, it also causes substantial morbidity and mortality in adults, posing a major healthcare problem. We present a patient with chronic pulmonary conditions and an acute RSV infection, thus leading to cardiac [...] Read more.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a well-known pathogen in paediatric patients. However, it also causes substantial morbidity and mortality in adults, posing a major healthcare problem. We present a patient with chronic pulmonary conditions and an acute RSV infection, thus leading to cardiac arrest (CA). We speculate that RSV as the causative agent for CA should be considered in post-resuscitation care. From a wider public health perspective, immuno-naivety for RSV caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic may induce a severe rise in cases, morbidity, and mortality in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest)
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