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Clean Technol.
Special Issues
Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021
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Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021

A special issue of Clean Technologies (ISSN 2571-8797).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 19700

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Patricia Luis Alconero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Materials & Process Engineering, UCLouvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Interests: sustainability; chemical engineering; process intensification; membrane technology; CO2 capture; applied thermodynamics; life cycle assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Technological development and societal transformation are essential to face current challenges and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Researchers and technology developers thus play a critical role in providing novel sustainable solutions to reduce energy consumption, environmental pollution, and the use of water and non-renewable resources. Clean Technologies is an international journal whose aim is to show the most promising advances in sustainable technology. In this Special Issue called “Feature Papers”, we aim at outstanding contributions in the main fields covered by the journal:

  • Chemical and biochemical engineering;
  • Product and process engineering;
  • Membrane technology;
  • Environmental technology for treatment of wastewater, flue gases and solid waste;
  • Zero-waste technology;
  • CO2 capture and (re)utilization technologies;
  • Green chemistry;
  • Cleaner production and technical processes;
  • Clean energies;
  • Energy-saving technology;
  • Microreaction and microseparation technology;
  • Life cycle assessment.

We look forward to receiving your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Patricia Luis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Clean Technologies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable technology
  • membrane technology
  • micro-technology
  • clean energy
  • green chemistry
  • life cycle assessment

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5401 KiB  
Article
Drying Kinetics of Macroalgae as a Function of Drying Gas Velocity and Material Bulk Density, Including Shrinkage
by Craig Walker and Madoc Sheehan
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(3), 669-689; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4030041 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2213
Abstract
Macroalgae have many potential applications and can make important contributions to sustainability and circular economy objectives. Macroalgae are degradable high-moisture biomaterials and drying is a necessary step, but drying is an energy and capital-intensive part of their production process. This study presents convective [...] Read more.
Macroalgae have many potential applications and can make important contributions to sustainability and circular economy objectives. Macroalgae are degradable high-moisture biomaterials and drying is a necessary step, but drying is an energy and capital-intensive part of their production process. This study presents convective drying curves for commercially promising fresh and saltwater species (U. ohnoi and O. intermedium), obtained over a range of industry-relevant drying gas velocities (0.3–2 m/s) and material bulk densities (33–100 kg/m3). Pragmatic diffusion-based drying models that account for the influence of drying gas velocity, material bulk density, and material shrinkage are presented. Results provide critical insights into the validity of diffusion model assumptions for compressible biomaterials and new mechanisms describing gas penetration into such materials are proposed. The drying models provided in this work demonstrate a high degree of accuracy for both species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021)
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12 pages, 1441 KiB  
Article
An Improved Method to Estimate Savings from Thermal Comfort Control in Residences from Smart Wi-Fi Thermostat Data
by Abdulelah D. Alhamayani, Qiancheng Sun and Kevin P. Hallinan
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(2), 395-406; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4020024 - 12 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3059
Abstract
The net-zero global carbon target for 2050 needs both expansion of renewable energy and substantive energy consumption reduction. Many of the solutions needed are expensive. Controlling HVAC systems in buildings based upon thermal comfort, not just temperature, uniquely offers a means for deep [...] Read more.
The net-zero global carbon target for 2050 needs both expansion of renewable energy and substantive energy consumption reduction. Many of the solutions needed are expensive. Controlling HVAC systems in buildings based upon thermal comfort, not just temperature, uniquely offers a means for deep savings at virtually no cost. In this study, a more accurate means to quantify the savings potential in any building in which smart WiFi thermostats are present is developed. Prior research by Alhamayani et al. leveraging such data for individual residences predicted cooling energy savings in the range from 33 to 47%, but this research was based only upon a singular data-based model of indoor temperature. The present research improves upon this prior research by developing LSTM neural network models for both indoor temperature and humidity. Validation errors are reduced by nearly 22% compared to the prior work. Simulations of thermal comfort control for the residences considered yielded potential savings in the range of 29–43%, dependent upon both solar exposure and insulation characteristics of each residence. This research paves the way for smart Wi-Fi thermostat-enabled thermal comfort control in buildings of all types. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021)
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20 pages, 3081 KiB  
Article
Clean Technologies for Production of Valuable Fractions from Sardine Cooking Wastewaters: An Integrated Process of Flocculation and Reverse Osmosis
by Maria João Pereira, Oceane Grosjean, Manuela Pintado, Carla Brazinha and João Crespo
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(2), 276-295; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4020016 - 15 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2781
Abstract
The increase in environmental consciousness and stricter regulations has motivated industries to seek sustainable technologies that allow valorising wastewaters, contributing to the profitability of overall processes. Canning industry effluents, namely sardine cooking wastewater, have a high organic matter load, containing proteins and lipids. [...] Read more.
The increase in environmental consciousness and stricter regulations has motivated industries to seek sustainable technologies that allow valorising wastewaters, contributing to the profitability of overall processes. Canning industry effluents, namely sardine cooking wastewater, have a high organic matter load, containing proteins and lipids. Their untreated discharge has a negative environmental impact and an economic cost. This work aims to design an integrated process that creates value with the costly sardine cooking wastewater effluent. The research strategy followed evaluates coagulation/flocculation technologies as pre-treatment of the sardine cooking wastewater followed by reverse osmosis. Two different added-value products were obtained: a solid fraction rich in proteins, lipids (above 20%), and aromas that might be used for feed/pet/aquaculture applications and, from the processing of the resultant aqueous stream by reverse osmosis, a natural flavouring additive, which can be applied in food/feed. Additionally, the permeate from reverse osmosis presents a much lower organic load than the original raw material, which may be reused in the overall process (e.g., as water for washings) or discharged at a lower cost, with environmental benefits and economic savings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021)
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16 pages, 935 KiB  
Article
Biogas, Biomethane and Digestate Potential of By-Products from Green Biorefinery Systems
by Rajeev Ravindran, Kwame Donkor, Lalitha Gottumukkala, Abhay Menon, Amita Jacob Guneratnam, Helena McMahon, Sybrandus Koopmans, Johan P. M. Sanders and James Gaffey
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(1), 35-50; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4010003 - 17 Jan 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4746
Abstract
Global warming and climate change are imminent threats to the future of humankind. A shift from the current reliance on fossil fuels to renewable energy is key to mitigating the impacts of climate change. Biological raw materials and residues can play a key [...] Read more.
Global warming and climate change are imminent threats to the future of humankind. A shift from the current reliance on fossil fuels to renewable energy is key to mitigating the impacts of climate change. Biological raw materials and residues can play a key role in this transition through technologies such as anaerobic digestion. However, biological raw materials must also meet other existing food, feed and material needs. Green biorefinery is an innovative concept in which green biomass, such as grass, is processed to obtain a variety of protein products, value-added co-products and renewable energy, helping to meet many needs from a single source. In this study, an analysis has been conducted to understand the renewable energy potential of green biorefinery by-products and residues, including grass whey, de-FOS whey and press cake. Using anaerobic digestion, the biogas and biomethane potential of these samples have been analyzed. An analysis of the fertiliser potential of the resulting digestate by-products has also been undertaken. All the feedstocks tested were found to be suitable for biogas production with grass whey, the most suitable candidate with a biogas and biomethane production yield of 895.8 and 544.6 L/kg VS, respectively, followed by de-FOS whey and press cake (597.4/520.3 L/kg VS and 510.7/300.3 L/kg VS, respectively). The results show considerable potential for utilizing biorefinery by-products as a source for renewable energy production, even after several value-added products have been co-produced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021)
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17 pages, 6807 KiB  
Article
Isolation Microgrid Design for Remote Areas with the Integration of Renewable Energy: A Case Study of Con Dao Island in Vietnam
by Quynh T. Tran, Kevin Davies and Saeed Sepasi
Clean Technol. 2021, 3(4), 804-820; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3040047 - 3 Nov 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5691
Abstract
In remote areas, extending a power line to the primary electricity grid can be very expensive and power losses are high, making connections to the grid almost impossible. A well-designed microgrid that integrates renewable energy resources can help remote areas reduce investment costs [...] Read more.
In remote areas, extending a power line to the primary electricity grid can be very expensive and power losses are high, making connections to the grid almost impossible. A well-designed microgrid that integrates renewable energy resources can help remote areas reduce investment costs and power losses while providing a reliable power source. Therefore, investigating the design of an independent and economically practical microgrid system for these areas is necessary and plays an important role. This paper introduces a design procedure to design an isolated microgrid using HOMER software (HOMERPro 3.14.5) for remote areas. In Vietnam, due to the obstruction of the mountainous terrain or the isolated island location, many remote areas or islands need electrification. A simple case study of a hybrid system with a 60 kW peak load demand on Con Dao island in Vietnam is used to illustrate the proposed design method. Specifically, a hybrid system that includes a PV system, batteries, and a diesel generator is designed. To provide the full information of the designed hybrid system designed, each solution is analyzed and evaluated in detail according to the sensitivity parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Clean Technologies 2021)
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