Extracellular Matrix in Wound Healing

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2019) | Viewed by 6353

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, United States
Interests: Human pluripotent stem cells differentiation; Modeling inflammation and macrophage polarization; Studying interactions between tissue engineered devices and the host tissue response
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Guest Editor
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State/ UNC-Chapel Hill
Interests: Tissue engineering scaffolds that positively modulate the wound healing host response; cell therapy in combination with scaffold materials; macrovesicle carriers; and antimicrobial agents’ development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The derivation of tissue specific extracellular matrix scaffolds (ECM-scaffolds) represent an exciting approach to biomaterial design since it relies on the natural design and composition of the tissue of interest.  If the ECM-scaffold is derived with minimal processing to yield an implantable material with low DNA content and low immunogenicity, it may also retain important cell and tissue signaling molecules and macromolecules that help modulate cell behavior in vitro and promote healing during the host tissue response in vivo. Although the clinical utility of ECM-scaffolds has been well established, the biological reasons for such response remains elusive.  Understanding the mechanism behind the cellular recognition that leads to a specific cellular response in vivo and in vitro will expand our understanding behind the clinical success and failures of these biomaterials. It would also help improve current decellularization protocols that could lead to superior ECM-scaffolds and enhance healing and constructive remodeling.

The special issue will focus on mechanistic studies looking at:

  • Derivation of tissue specific ECM scaffolds with an emphasis on mechanistic reasons for the enhanced tissue response
  • Compositional analysis and comparisons of ECM scaffolds
  • Use of ECM-scaffolds to create in vitro testing platforms
  • Role of tissue specificity on stem cell differentiation in vitro
  • Role of tissue specificity on host tissue response
  • ECM-scaffold directed stem cell differentiation
  • Mechanism for macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo
  • Mechanisms for scar tissue inhibition
Assist. Prof. Dr. Donald Freytes
Dr. Camilo Mora-Navarro
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2404 KiB  
Article
Tissue-Derived Biological Particles Restore Cornea Properties in an Enzyme-Mediated Corneal Ectatic Model
by Hongbo Yin, Xiaokun Wang, Shoumyo Majumdar, Jeeyeon Sohn, Byung-Jin Kim, Walter Stark and Jennifer H. Elisseeff
Bioengineering 2019, 6(4), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6040090 - 27 Sep 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6002
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the impact of tissue derived biological particles on enzyme-mediated weakened corneas. Methods: Rabbit corneas were treated with enzymes to create an ex vivo ectatic model that simulated representative characteristics of keratoconus (KC). Porcine cornea, cartilage, and lymph node tissues were [...] Read more.
Purpose: To investigate the impact of tissue derived biological particles on enzyme-mediated weakened corneas. Methods: Rabbit corneas were treated with enzymes to create an ex vivo ectatic model that simulated representative characteristics of keratoconus (KC). Porcine cornea, cartilage, and lymph node tissues were processed to remove most cellular components and cryomilled into microparticles. The KC corneas were cultured in medium containing the tissue-derived biological particles (TDP) overnight. The mechanical, thermal, ultrastructural changes, and gene expressions of corneal stromal cells were characterized to evaluate the effects of the TDP treatment. Results: The enzyme treatment significantly reduced corneal mechanics and thermal stability, and also disrupted the extracellular matrix ultrastructure. After culturing with TDP medium, the Young’s modulus of the modeled KC corneas increased by ~50%, comparable to normal cornea controls. Similarly, the thermal denaturation temperature of the corneas was restored. These findings also corresponded to a significant increase in collagen fibril density after TDP treatment. Furthermore, corneas cultured in TDP medium significantly downregulated expression of the pro-inflammatory gene Tnfα, and restored the expression of the key keratocyte markers Aldh, keratocan, and biglycan. Conclusions: Tissue-derived biological particles reinforce mechanical and thermal properties of corneal tissue in an ex vivo model of KC. Through this study, we demonstrate and characterize the previously unexplored impact of tissue-derived biological scaffolds on corneal biomechanics, thermal stability, and gene expression, presenting a potential new therapy for ocular disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Matrix in Wound Healing)
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