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Article

Two Dimensional Magnetic Coordination Polymers Formed by Lanthanoids and Chlorocyananilato †

by
Samia Benmansour
*,
Antonio Hernández-Paredes
and
Carlos J. Gómez-García
*
Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
In memory of late Professor Samiran Mitra. A good researcher, a better friend and an excellent person.
Magnetochemistry 2018, 4(4), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry4040058
Submission received: 8 November 2018 / Revised: 2 December 2018 / Accepted: 6 December 2018 / Published: 12 December 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A Themed Issue in Honor of Late Professor Samiran Mitra)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

:
Here we show the important role played by the size of the lanthanoid and the solvent used in the final structures of several two-dimensional magnetic coordination polymers with the ligand chlorocyananilato, (C6O4(CN)Cl)2−. With this aim we have prepared five compounds: [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1) (DMF = dimethylformamide), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3), and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5) (DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide). These compounds are formed by two dimensional networks with a (6,3)-topology but, depending on the size of the lanthanoid and on the solvent used, show important structural differences, including the size, shape, distortion and content of the cavities as well as the flatness of the layers. The comparison of compounds 1–3 and 4–5 shows the role played by the size of the lanthanoid while keeping constant the solvent, whereas, the comparison of compounds 1 and 5 shows the role of the solvent (DMF vs. DMSO) while keeping constant the lanthanoid. The magnetic properties of all of them show the absence of noticeable magnetic interactions, in agreement with previous results that can be explained by the internal character of the 4f electron and the weak magnetic coupling mediated by these anilato-based ligands.

Graphical Abstract

1. Introduction

The synthesis of porous crystalline coordination polymers also known as metal organic frameworks (MOFs) presenting different cavities shapes and sizes is a hot topic in Coordination Chemistry nowadays [1,2]. The possibility to tune and modulate the shape and size of the cavities is a very important aspect in order to synthetize MOFs with tailored properties for applications in catalysis [3,4], gas storage and separation [5,6], energy storage [7,8], water adsorption [9], biomedicine [10,11], sensors [12,13], or a combination of several properties in the same MOF [14].
These MOFs are mainly constructed with transition metal atoms (including group 12) and complexes of these metal ions that are connected through different organic ligands acting as linkers. Although less used, lanthanides can also be used to prepare MOFs with interesting properties as luminescence in order to prepare optical-based sensors of gases, contaminants and different chemical species [15,16,17].
Although there are hundreds of organic ligands that can be used as linkers, the most popular ones are polycarboxylic acids (including aromatic) [14,18,19,20,21], and azolates [22,23] thanks to their capacity to coordinate many transition metal atoms (and lanthanoids) with diverse coordination modes. Aromatic quinones as the 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone dianion (C6O4H2)2− = dhbq and the 3,6-disubstituted dianions (C6O4X2)2− (anilato-type ligands) with X = CN/Cl, NO2, Br, Cl, CN, … (Scheme 1) have also been used to prepare MOFs with interesting magnetic properties [24,25]. One of the interests of these anilato derivatives is their topological resemblance with the extensively studied oxalato ligand (Scheme 1). Thus, anilato ligands form tris-quelate chiral monomers of the type [M(C6O4X2)3]3− [26,27], that resemble the well-known [M(C2O4)3]3− chiral complexes. Furthermore, anilato ligands also form extended 1D, 2D and 3D lattices with the same topology that oxalate [24,28,29,30,31,32,33]. Albeit, the anilato ligands present some interesting properties and advantages when compared with oxalato: (i) they are much larger and accordingly, their compounds usually present much larger cavities and channels (in fact, most structures with oxalato are not considered MOFs since they are not porous, in contrast to the equivalent anilato-based compounds) [28,34]. (ii) A second advantage is the possibility to modulate the electron density in the anilato ring by simply changing the X group (Scheme 1). This change in X leads to changes in the cavity sizes (since X points to the centre of the cavity) and, most importantly, in the ordering temperatures of magnetic MOFs as in the series of anilato-based magnets [(H3O)(phz)3][MnCr(C6O4X2)3]·G (phz = phenazine; X = H, Cl, Br and I, G = H2O or acetone) [30].
Besides transition metal ions, lanthanoids have also been used to prepare anilato-based neutral lattices formulated as [Ln2(C6O4X2)3(G)m]·nG whose structure depends on the size of the Ln(III) ion, the X group and the solvent used (G).
The ligand C6O4H22− = dhbq2− with G = H2O was used by Robson et al. [28,35] and later by some of us [36] to prepare the complete series of isostructural compounds formulated as [Ln2(C6O4H2)3(H2O)6]·18H2O. In this series all the Ln(III) present the same structure: a (6,3)-2D honeycomb lattice formed by regular non planar hexagons with the Ln(III) ions nona-coordinated with a tri-capped trigonal prismatic geometry.
For the ligand C6O4Cl22− = chloranilato and G = H2O, the change of the Ln(III) size leads to four different crystal phases, all based in the (6,3)-2D honeycomb lattice with formula [Ln2(C6O4Cl2)3(H2O)6]·nH2O. These four phases (I-IV) only differ in the disposition of the coordinated water molecules around the Ln(III) ions, due to the change in the Ln(III) size. This change in the coordination environment results in important changes in the number of crystallization water molecules located in the cavities: n = 14, for the larger Ln(III) ions (La, Ce, Pr and Nd) in phase I, n = 12 for the intermediate Ln(III) (Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy and Ho) in phase II, n = 10 for Ln = Er(III) in phase III and finally, n = 8 for the smallest lanthanoids (Tm and Yb) in phase IV [28,35,36].
With the ligand C6O4Br22− = bromanilato and G = H2O, we have obtained two different crystallographic phases (I and II), also depending on the size of the Ln(III) ion. These phases, formulated as [Ln2(C6O4Br2)3(H2O)6]·nH2O, are also based on the (6,3)-2D honeycomb lattice and contain 12 crystallization H2O molecules for the larger Ln(III) ions (La to Er, phase I) or 8 water molecules for the smallest ions (Yb and Tm, phase II). These two phases also differ in the disposition of the water molecules and in the spatial orientation of the bromanilato ligands [36,37].
For the nitranilato ligand (X = NO2), the larger size of the nitro group compared to H, Cl and Br prevented, in our case, the formation of the (6,3)-2D honeycomb lattice and led to the formation of nitranilato-bridged dimers formulated as [Ln2(C6O4(NO2)2)3(H2O)10]·6H2O although only for the intermediate Ln(III) ions (Sm-Er) [36,38].
Finally, the asymmetric chlorocyananilato ligand (C6O4(CN)Cl2−) has very recently been used with Dy(III) and H2O to prepare compound [H3O][Dy(C6O4(CN)Cl)2(H2O)]·4H2O that presents a very unusual square (4,4)-2D lattice [39].
All these previous results have been obtained using water as solvent. In fact, until very recently, the only example obtained with other solvent was compound [Pr2(C6O4Cl2)3(EtOH)6]·2EtOH, that also presents a structure based on the (6,3)-2D honeycomb lattice although with very large distortions of the hexagonal cavities that appear as rectangles [40]. In the last two years our group has prepared a number of anilato-based Ln(III) compounds using different solvents with high coordinating capacity towards Ln(III) ions [41]. These studies include compounds as [Er2(C6O4Br2)3(DMSO)4]·2DMSO·2H2O and [Er2(C6O4Br2)3(DMF)6] [37] that present the same (6,3)-2D topology but with rectangular cavities (in the DMF compound) or very distorted hexagonal ones (in the DMSO compound) and with a coordination number of eight (compared to nine for the H2O derivative). A larger study of the role of the solvent performed with the chloranilato ligand and Er(III) in the series of compounds [Er2(C6O4Cl2)3(H2O)6]·10H2O, [Er2(C6O4Cl2)3(DMF)6], [Er2(C6O4Cl2)3(DMA)4]·5H2O (DMA = dimethylacetamide), [Er2(C6O4Cl2)3(DMSO)4]·2DMSO·2H2O, [Er2(C6O4Cl2)3(FMA)6]·4FMA·2H2O (FMA = formamide) and [Er2(C6O4Cl2)3(HMPA)(H2O)3]·H2O (HMPA = hexamethylphosphormamide) showed that the size and steric hindrance of the solvent determines the coordination number and geometry, the size and shape of the cavities and, accordingly, the presence of solvent and water molecules in the cavities [42]. All these results indicate that the solvent plays a very important role in the final structure. Very recently we have also prepared a series formulated as: [Ln2(C6O4Br2)3(DMSO)n]·2DMSO·mH2O with n = 6 and m = 0 for Ln = La-Gd and n = 4 and m = 2 for Ln = Tb-Yb [43]. In this series, as previously observed in the series [Ln2(C6O4X2)3(H2O)6]·nH2O (X = Cl, Br and NO2), the size of the Ln(III) ion plays a key structural role. Finally, also very recently, we have combined the asymmetric chlorocyananilato ligand, (C6O4(CN)Cl)2‒, with different Ln(III) ions as Ce(III), Pr(III) and Yb(III) using DMF and DMSO as solvents to prepare the compounds [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (I), [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (II), [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (III) and [Yb2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)4]·2H2O (IV) [39]. These four compounds showed some hints about the role of the solvent and the size of the Ln(III) in the final structure, but, given the reduced number of compounds did not allow to extract deeper conclusions.
Here we extend this study with the asymmetric chlorocyananilato ligand and dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as solvents with four more Ln(III) ions (Ce, Nd, Dy and Ho) to prepare five new compounds formulated as: [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1) [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3), and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5). These five compounds, together with the four compounds previously reported with the same ligand and identical stoichiometry: [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (I), [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (II), [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (III) and [Yb2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)4]·2H2O (IV) [39] will allow us to obtain a deeper knowledge of the role played by both factors: the size of the Ln(III) ion and the solvent (DMF and DMSO) with the asymmetric ligand chlorocyananilato.

2. Results and Discussion

2.1. Syntheses of the Complexes

Compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized by carefully layering solutions containing the Ln(III) ion, dissolved in DMF, and the asymmetric chlorocyananilato ligand, as its tetraphenylphosphonium salt, dissolved in methanol. Compounds 3–5 were synthesized in the same way but using the monopotassium salt of the asymmetric chlorocyananilato ligand dissolved in the corresponding solvent: DMF (for 3) and DMSO (for 4 and 5). As expected, given the strong affinity towards Ln(III) ions of the used solvents (DMF and DMSO) [41], they appear in all cases coordinated to the Ln(III) ions. The used synthetic method allowed a slow diffusion of the reagents that resulted in good quality single crystals for the determination of the X-ray structure in all cases.

2.2. X-ray Power Diffraction (XRPD)

All the samples were analyzed by XRPD to confirm the isostructurality with the solved structures and the phase purity. In all cases the experimental diffractograms are similar to the simulated ones from the single crystal X-ray structure (see supporting information, Figures S1–S5), although the crystallinity of compounds 2 and 3 is very poor due to the loss of the water crystallization molecules.

2.3. IR Spectroscopy

The IR spectra of the five compounds show the expected bands attributed to the ligands and the coordinated solvent molecules (see supporting information, Figures S6–S10 and Table S1).

2.4. Description of the Structures

Structure of [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1). Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/n space group (Table 1). The asymmetric unit (Figure 1a) contains one Nd(III) ion, three coordinated DMF molecules and one and a half chlorocyananilato ligands. This asymmetric unit corresponds to the formula [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]. There is an inversion centre in the centre of one of the anilato rings that generates a disorder between the CN and Cl groups with occupancies of ½ in each position.
The structure of 1 presents corrugated layers parallel to the (10-1) plane (Figure 1b) with a (6,3)-2D honeycomb topology (Figure 1c) where the hexagons are so distorted that they can rather be described as parallel rectangles packed in a brick-wall mode (Figure 1c). The large distortions of the cavities are evidenced by the three Nd-Nd distances along the diagonals of the cavities (21.63(4), 17.54(2) and 12.030(2) Å) and by the corresponding Nd-Nd-Nd angles (85.10°, 114.53° and 157.90°). The rectangles are formed by six Nd(III) centres in the vertex connected through bis-bidentate chlorocyananilato bridges in the sides. When viewed along the [100] direction, the layers form rectangular channels although with very little empty space (Figure 1d).
The coordination environment around the Nd(III) ions is a capped square anti-prism geometry (see below) formed by three chelate chlorocyananilato ligands and three oxygen atoms from three DMF molecules (Figure 1a). The Nd-O bond distances (Table 2) are similar to those observed in the related Nd-containing anilato-based compounds: [Nd2(C6O4X2)3(H2O)6]·nH2O (X = H, n = 18; X = Cl, n = 14 and X = Br, n = 12) [28,36] and in [Nd2(C6O4Br2)3(DMSO)6]·2DMSO [43]. As expected, the Nd-Oanilato bond distances are longer than the Nd-ODMF ones due to the chelating coordination mode of the chlorocyananilato ligand.
Structure of [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·nH2O; Ln = Dy, n = 4 (2) and Ln = Ho, n = 2 (3). Compounds 2 and 3 are isostructural and both crystallize in the monoclinic C2/c space group (Table 1). Given the similarity between both structures, we will only describe the structure of compound 2 although we will compare all the structures in detail below. The asymmetric unit of 2 (Figure 2a) contains one Dy(III) ion (Ho(III) in 3), three coordinated DMF molecules, three halves chlorocyananilato ligands and two crystallization water molecules (three water molecules with occupancy 1/3 in compound 3). This asymmetric unit corresponds to the formula [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·nH2O with Ln = Dy, n = 4 in 2 and Ln = Ho, n = 2 in 3. There is an inversion centre in the centre of the three anilato rings that generates a disorder between the CN and Cl groups with occupancies of ½ each.
The structure of 2 and 3 shows very corrugated layers parallel to the (10-1) plane (Figure 2b) with a (6,3)-2D honeycomb topology (Figure 2c) with quite regular hexagonal cavities (the Ln-Ln distances are 16.237(7), 16.281(7) and 15.6506(8) Å in 2 and 16.436(13), 16.480(15) and 15.7904(11) Å in 3). The lack of planarity of these hexagonal cavities is confirmed by the three Ln-Ln-Ln angles inside the hexagon: (98.19°, 98.50° and 101.96° for 2 and 98.15°, 98.46° and 102.23° for 3). These hexagons contain six Ln(III) ions in the vertex and six bis-bidentate chlorocyananilato bridges in the sides. Consecutive layers are disposed in an alternating way (Figure 2d), precluding the formation of channels. The coordination geometry around the Ln(III) ions can be described as a distorted square anti-prism (see below and Table 3) formed by three chelate chlorocyananilato ligands and three oxygen atoms from three DMF molecules (Figure 2a).
The Ln-O bond distances (Table 2) are similar to those observed in the related Dy and Ho-containing anilato-based compounds: [Ln2(C6O4X2)3(H2O)6]·nH2O (Ln = Dy and Ho; X = H, n = 18; X = Cl, n = 12 and X = Br, n = 12) [36] in [Ln2(C6O4(NO2)2)3(H2O)10]·6H2O (Ln = Dy and Ho) [36,38] and in [Ln2(C6O4Br2)3(DMSO)4]·2DMSO·2H2O (Ln = Dy and Ho) [43]. As observed in compound 1, the Ln-Oanilato bond distances are longer than the Ln-ODMF ones due to the chelating coordination mode of the chlorocyananilato ligand.
Structure of [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6], Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5). Compounds 4 and 5 are isostructural and, therefore, we will only describe the structure of compound 4 although we will compare both in detail below. Both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n space group (Table 1). The asymmetric unit of 4 (Figure 3a) contains one Ce(III) ion (Nd(III) in 5), three coordinated DMSO molecules and one and a half chlorocyananilato ligands. This asymmetric unit corresponds to the formula [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce in 4 and Nd in 5. The presence of an inversion centre in the centre of one anilato rings generates a disorder between the CN and Cl groups with occupancies of ½ each.
Both compounds show corrugated layers (Figure 3b) with a (6,3)-2D honeycomb topology (Figure 3c) formed by very distorted cavities that look like rectangles. These rectangles are packed in parallel rows in a brick-wall mode (Figure 3c), as observed in compound 1. The large distortions of the cavities are evidenced by the three Ln-Ln distances along the diagonals of the cavities (20.749(9), 19.439(17) and 11.039(3) Å in 4 and 20.469(10), 19.303(17) and 11.023(3) Å in 5) and by the corresponding Ln-Ln-Ln angles (91.40°, 100.67° and 164.41° in 4 and 92.13°, 100.46° and 163.76° in 5). As in 1, the rectangles are formed by six Ln(III) centres located in the vertex and by bis-bidentate chlorocyananilato bridges in the sides. These rectangles form channels along the [100] direction with very little empty space (Figure 3d).
The coordination environment around the Ln(III) ions is a capped square anti-prism geometry (see below and Table 3) formed by three chelate chlorocyananilato ligands and three oxygen atoms from three DMSO molecules (Figure 3a). The Ln-O bond distances (Table 2) are similar to those observed in the related Ce and Nd-containing anilato-based compounds: [Ln2(C6O4X2)3(H2O)6]·nH2O (Ln = Ce and Nd; X = H, n = 18; X = Cl, n = 14 and X = Br, n = 12) [28,36] in [Ce2(C6O4Br2)3(DMF)6]·2H2O [39] and in [Ln2(C6O4Br2)3(DMSO)6] (Ln = Ce and Nd) [43]. As observed in compounds 1–3, the Nd-Oanilato bond distances are longer than the corresponding ones with the solvent molecules (DMSO in 4 and 5).

2.5. Comparison of the Structures

In order to compare all the structures we have initially performed the analysis of the coordination geometry around the Ln(III) ions with the program SHAPE [44]. This analysis shows that the polyhedron that best describes the geometry around the Ln(III) ions in compounds 1–5 is a capped square anti-prism (CSAP, Table 3, Figure 4a–e) [45]. Although the five compounds show the same coordination geometry, there are important differences in the spatial disposition of the anilato ligands and the solvent molecules around the Ln(III). Thus, in compound 1 two of the three solvent molecules are located in the lower square face and the third one in the upper square face (Figure 4a) whereas in compounds 2 and 3 the three solvent molecules occupy one of the triangular faces (Figure 4b,c) and in compounds 4 and 5 the solvent molecules occupy three positions in the upper square face (Figure 4d,e). The three anilato ligands also occupy different positions in the coordination environment (Figure 4a–e) resulting in different spatial orientations of the anilato ligands that lead to very different distortions of the hexagonal cavities (Figure 4f–j).
Thus, in compounds 1, 4, 5 and in the previously reported [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (II) and [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (III) [39], the cavities contain four anilato ligands whose ring planes are orthogonal to the cavity plane (edge-on, E) and two whose ring planes are parallel to the cavity plane (face-on, F), resulting in a rectangular shape. In contrast, in compounds 2 and 3 and in the previously reported [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (I) and [Yb2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)4]·2H2O (IV) [39], the six ligands have the same orientation and are tilted with respect to the cavity plane, resulting in quite regular hexagonal cavities. The most evident consequence of the change in the shape of the cavities is the presence or not of crystallization water molecules inside no matter the solvent used (DMF or DMSO). Thus, the compounds with hexagonal cavities (2, 3, I and IV) contain two or four crystallization water molecules, whereas the compounds with rectangular cavities (1, 4, 5, II and III) do not contain water molecules, as a consequence of the larger size of the hexagonal cavities.
In order to study the influence of the Ln(III) size, we first consider the series of five compounds prepared with the asymmetric chlorocyananilato ligand and DFM as solvent: [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and the previously reported [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (I) and [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (II) [39]. In this series we can see up to three important structural changes as we move forward in the lanthanoids series: (i) the first change is observed when passing from Ce (compound I) to Pr (compound II) and implies a change from non-planar hexagonal cavities with the chair disposition in I to rectangular cavities with a spike disposition in II. (ii) A second structural change is observed between Pr (compound II) and Nd (compound 1) and implies a change from a rectangular spike-like layer in II to a rectangular brick wall one in 1. (iii) Finally, when passing from Nd (1) to Dy (2) and Ho (3) we observe a change from a rectangular brick wall layer in 1 to a hexagonal one in 2 and 3. Although the series is not complete yet, we can clearly see that the Ln(III) size is playing a key role in determining the size and shape of the cavities in the layered structures, while keeping the same (6,3)-2D topology. With the exception of the cerium compound (I), the larger ions (Pr and Nd) give rise to rectangular cavities whereas the smaller ions (Dy and Ho) give hexagonal cavities. Further experiments are in progress in order to determine the reason for this anomaly of Ce.
Interestingly, the series of four compounds prepared with DMSO: [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (4), [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (5) and the previously reported [Pr2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (III) and [Yb2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)4]·2H2O (IV) [39], shows a similar effect: the larger ions (Ce, Pr and Nd) present rectangular cavities with no solvent molecules whereas the smaller ion (Yb) shows hexagonal cavities with two crystallization water molecules. In this last compound, the much smaller size of the Yb(III) ion has a second important effect: the reduction of the coordination number from nine to eight and, therefore, a change in the coordination geometry from capped square anti-prism to triangular dodecahedron [39].

2.6. Magnetic Properties

The product of the molar magnetic susceptibility times the temperature (χmT) per formula (two Ln(III) ions) in compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3), [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (4) and [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (5) is ca. 3.3, 28.8, 28.8, 1.6 and 3.2 cm3 K mol−1, respectively. These values are close to the expected ones for the corresponding Ln(III) ions (Table 4, Figure 5) [46]. When the samples are cooled, the χmT product decreases from room temperature in compounds 1, 4 and 5 to reach values of 1.45, 0.38 and 1.20 cm3 K mol−1 at 2 K, respectively (Figure 5). The χmT value in compounds 2 and 3 remains constant from room temperature down to ca. 50 K in 2 and ca. 120 K in 3 and show a progressive decrease at lower temperatures to reach values of 24.1 and 8.3 cm3 K mol−1 at 2 K, respectively. The decrease observed in all the compounds at low temperature can be attributed to the depopulation of the high energy sublevels that appear due to the splitting of the ground levels caused by the ligand field effects. Note that the decrease might also include a very weak, although negligible, antiferromagnetic Ln-Ln coupling through the chlorocyananilato bridge.
The observed behaviour indicates that all compounds are paramagnetic and, therefore, that the chlorocyananilato bridge does not originate any noticeable magnetic coupling, as observed in all the reported compounds with this ligand and Ln(III) ions [36,37,38,39]. This magnetic isolation represents an advantage for the preparation of Ln-based single molecule magnets (SMM) in these series of compounds by simply diluting the paramagnetic centres with diamagnetic lanthanoids as La(III) and Eu(III). In fact, our preliminary results indicate that it is possible to obtain SMM and field-induced SMM using this very simple strategy and taking advantage of the isostructurality of many of these compounds.

3. Experimental Section

3.1. Starting Materials

The Ln(III) nitrates Nd(NO3)3·6H2O, Dy(NO3)3·5H2O, Ho(NO3)3·5H2O and Ce(NO3)3·6H2O as well as all the solvents used in this work, are commercially available and were used as received. The chlorocyananilato ligand, as [Ph4P]2[C6O4(CN)Cl]·2H2O or KH[C6O4(CN)Cl], was prepared following the literature [47].

3.2. Synthesis of [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1)

Compound 1 was obtained as single crystals by carefully layering, at room temperature, a solution of [Ph4P]2[C6O4(CN)Cl]·2H2O (18.25 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of methanol, on top of a solution of Nd(NO3)3·6H2O (8.77 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of dimethylformamide (DMF). The tube was sealed and allowed to stand for about two months to obtain purple block-shaped single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction. Yield: 3.15 mg (24%). The IR spectrum and the assignment of the main bands are included in the supporting information (Figure S6 and Table S1).

3.3. Synthesis of [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2)

Compound 2 was obtained as single crystals by carefully layering, at room temperature, a solution of [Ph4P]2[C6O4(CN)Cl]·2H2O (18.25 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of methanol, on top of a solution of Dy(NO3)3·5H2O (8.77 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of DMF. The tube was sealed and allowed to stand for about one month to obtain red prismatic single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction. Yield: 2.33 mg (16%). The IR spectrum and the assignment of the main bands are included in the supporting information (Figure S7 and Table S1).

3.4. Synthesis of [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3)

Compound 3 was obtained as single crystals by carefully layering, at room temperature, a solution of Ho(NO3)3·5H2O (8.82 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of methanol, on top of a solution of KH[C6O4(CN)Cl] (4.75 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of DMF. The tube was sealed and allowed to stand for about one month to obtain red block-shaped single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction. Yield: 1.55 mg (11%). The IR spectrum and the assignment of the main bands are included in the supporting information (Figure S8 and Table S1).

3.5. Synthesis of [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (4)

Compound 4 was obtained as single crystals by carefully layering, at room temperature, a solution of Ce(NO3)3·6H2O (8.68 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of methanol, on top of a solution of KH[C6O4(CN)Cl] (4.75 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The tube was sealed and allowed to stand for about five months to obtain purple rhombohedral single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction. Yield: 2.83 mg (21%). The IR spectrum and the assignment of the main bands are included in the supporting information (Figure S9 and Table S1).

3.6. Synthesis of [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (5)

Compound 5 was obtained as single crystals by carefully layering, at room temperature, a solution of Nd(NO3)3·6H2O (8.77 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of methanol, on top of a solution of KH[C6O4(CN)Cl] (4.75 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 5 mL of DMSO. The tube was sealed and allowed to stand for about one month to obtain orange block-shaped single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction. Yield: 5.50 mg (41%). The IR spectrum and the assignment of the main bands are included in the supporting information (Figure S10 and Table S1).

3.7. Magnetic Measurements

Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in the temperature range 2–300 K with an applied magnetic field of 0.5 T on polycrystalline samples of compounds 1–5 with a Quantum Design MPMS-XL-5 SQUID susceptometer (San Diego, CA, USA). The susceptibility data were corrected for the sample holders previously measured using the same conditions and for the diamagnetic contributions of the salt as deduced by using Pascal’s constant tables [48].

3.8. Crystallographic Data Collection and Refinement

Suitable single crystals of compounds 1–5 were manually mounted in a loop using a viscous hydrocarbon oil and transferred directly to the cold nitrogen stream for data collection. Since compounds 2 and 3 show a very fast loss of crystallinity, single crystals of these compounds were extracted from their solutions immediately before their use. X-ray data were collected at 120 K on a Supernova diffractometer equipped with a graphite monochromated Enhance (Mo) X-ray Source (λ = 0.71073 Å). Unit cell determinations and data reduction was performed with the program CrysAlisPro, Oxford Diffraction Ltd. [49]. Empirical absorption correction was performed using spherical harmonics, implemented in the SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm. Compounds 1, 4 and 5 crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n space group and compounds 2 and 3 in the monoclinic C2/c space group (Table 1). Crystal structures were solved and refined against all F2 values with the SHELXL-2014 program [50], using the WinGX2014.1 graphical user interface [51]. Non-hydrogen atoms were refined anisotropically and hydrogen atoms were assigned fixed isotropic displacement parameters. Hydrogen atoms associated with oxygen atoms were located from the difference map and the O-H distance fixed at 0.86 Å. Table 1 displays a summary of the data collection and structure refinements for compounds 1–5.
CCDC-1877130-4 contain the supplementary crystallographic data for compounds 1–5, respectively. These data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre at www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif.

3.9. X-ray Powder Diffraction

The X-ray powder diffractograms were collected for of all compounds (using the same polycrystalline samples used for the magnetic measurements) with a 0.5 mm glass capillary that was mounted and aligned on a Empyrean PANalytical powder diffractometer, using CuKα radiation (λ = 1.54177 Å). A total of 3 or 6 scans were collected at room temperature in the 2θ range 2–40°. The partial loss of crystallinity of samples 2 and 3 is attributed to the loss of solvent molecules during the storage and magnetic measurements.

3.10. IR Spectroscopy

FT-IR spectra were performed on KBr pellets and collected with a Nexus-Nicolet 5700 spectrophotometer in the range 400–4000 cm−1.

4. Conclusions

The combination of different Ln(III) ions as Nd, Dy, Ho and Ce with the asymmetric anilato derivative ligand chlorocyananilato and using DMF and DMSO as coordinating solvents, have led to the formation of five new compounds formulated as: [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5). All compounds show honeycomb (6,3)-2D lattices with quite regular hexagonal cavities in the compounds with small ions (Dy in 2 and Ho in 3) and rectangular cavities in the compounds with large cations (Nd in 1 and 5 and Ce in 4). A detailed analysis of the coordination geometry and of the positions occupied by the anilato ligands and the solvent molecules leads to the conclusion that the spatial disposition of the ligands around the Ln(III) ion determines the shape and distortion of the cavities, since in all compounds the coordination geometry is the same (capped square anti-prism). This aspect is important since the hexagonal cavities contain additional water crystallization molecules but the rectangular ones do not have enough free space to accommodate any water molecules.
The synthesis of the complete Ln(III) series with this ligand and these and other solvents is under investigation in order to elucidate the role played by the size and shape of the solvent and by the size of the Ln(III) ions in their final structures and properties. The luminescent properties of these compounds are also under study since both, the Ln(III) ions and the asymmetric ligand chlorocyananilato, are good candidates to show luminescence.

Supplementary Materials

The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2312-7481/4/4/58/s1, Figure S1: Experimental and simulated X-ray powder diffractograms for compound [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), Figure S2: Experimental and simulated X-ray powder diffractograms for compound [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), Figure S3: Experimental and simulated X-ray powder diffractograms for compound [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3), Figure S4: Experimental and simulated X-ray powder diffractograms for compound [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (4), Figure S5: Experimental and simulated X-ray powder diffractograms for compound [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (5), Figure S6: IR spectrum of compound [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1) in (a) the 4000-400 cm−1 and (b) 2000-400 cm−1 ranges, Figure S7: IR spectrum of compound [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2) in (a) the 4000-400 cm−1 and (b) 2000-400 cm−1 ranges, Figure S8: IR spectrum of compound [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) in (a) the 4000-400 cm−1 and (b) 2000-400 cm−1 ranges, Figure S9; IR spectrum of compound [Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (4) in (a) the 4000-400 cm−1 and (b) 2000-400 cm−1 ranges, Figure S10: IR spectrum of compound [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (5) in (a) the 4000-400 cm−1 and (b) 2000-400 cm−1 ranges, Table S1: Main IR bands (cm−1) and their assignment in compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1) [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3), and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).

Author Contributions

S.B. designed the synthesis, performed the X-ray structural analysis and supervised all the experiments. A.H.-P. performed the synthesis of the ligand and of the compounds. C.J.G.-G. performed the magnetic measurements and supervised all the experiments. All the authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by the Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo2014/II/076 project) and the Spanish MINECO (Project CTQ2017-87201-P AEI/FEDER, EU).

Acknowledgments

A.H.-P. thanks the Spanish MINECO for a pre-doctoral grant (FPU Program).

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Magnetochemistry 04 00058 sch001 550
Scheme 1. (left) bis-bidentate coordination mode of the anilato-type ligands and of the oxalato ligand (right).
Scheme 1. (left) bis-bidentate coordination mode of the anilato-type ligands and of the oxalato ligand (right).
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Figure 1. (a) Asymmetric unit of compound 1 with the labelling scheme. (b) Side view of the corrugated layers in compound 1. Consecutive layers are coloured in green and red for clarity. (c) View of a layer in 1 (For the dimethylformamide (DMF) molecules only the oxygen atoms are shown). (d) Perspective view of one rectangular channel along the [101] direction in compound 1. Colour code: Nd = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
Figure 1. (a) Asymmetric unit of compound 1 with the labelling scheme. (b) Side view of the corrugated layers in compound 1. Consecutive layers are coloured in green and red for clarity. (c) View of a layer in 1 (For the dimethylformamide (DMF) molecules only the oxygen atoms are shown). (d) Perspective view of one rectangular channel along the [101] direction in compound 1. Colour code: Nd = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
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Figure 2. (a) Asymmetric unit of compound 2 with the labelling scheme. (b) Side view of the corrugated layers in compound 2. Consecutive layers are coloured in green and red for clarity. (c) View of a layer in 1. (d) View of two consecutive layers in 2 showing their alternating disposition. For the DMF molecules only the oxygen atoms are shown in (c,d). Colour code: Dy = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
Figure 2. (a) Asymmetric unit of compound 2 with the labelling scheme. (b) Side view of the corrugated layers in compound 2. Consecutive layers are coloured in green and red for clarity. (c) View of a layer in 1. (d) View of two consecutive layers in 2 showing their alternating disposition. For the DMF molecules only the oxygen atoms are shown in (c,d). Colour code: Dy = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
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Figure 3. (a) Asymmetric unit of compound 4 with the labelling scheme. (b) Side view of the corrugated layers in compound 4. Consecutive layers are coloured in green and red for clarity. (c) View of a layer in 4 (For the DMSO molecules only the oxygen atoms are shown). (d) Perspective view of one rectangular channel along the [100] direction in compound 4. Colour code: Ce = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
Figure 3. (a) Asymmetric unit of compound 4 with the labelling scheme. (b) Side view of the corrugated layers in compound 4. Consecutive layers are coloured in green and red for clarity. (c) View of a layer in 4 (For the DMSO molecules only the oxygen atoms are shown). (d) Perspective view of one rectangular channel along the [100] direction in compound 4. Colour code: Ce = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
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Figure 4. (a–e) Coordination polyhedra of the Ln(III) ions in compounds 1–5, respectively. The red lines correspond to the three chelating chlorocyananilato ligands. (f–j) Cavities in compounds 1–5, respectively. Colour code in (a–e): Ln = pink, Oanilato = red and Osolvent = blue. Colour code in (f–j): Ln = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
Figure 4. (a–e) Coordination polyhedra of the Ln(III) ions in compounds 1–5, respectively. The red lines correspond to the three chelating chlorocyananilato ligands. (f–j) Cavities in compounds 1–5, respectively. Colour code in (a–e): Ln = pink, Oanilato = red and Osolvent = blue. Colour code in (f–j): Ln = pink, Cl = green, C = grey, O = red, N = dark blue. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
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Figure 5. Thermal variation of the χmT product for compounds (a) 1, 4 and 5 and (b) 2 and 3.
Figure 5. Thermal variation of the χmT product for compounds (a) 1, 4 and 5 and (b) 2 and 3.
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Table
Table 1. Crystal data and structure refinement of compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
Table 1. Crystal data and structure refinement of compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
12345
FormulaC39H42Cl3
N9O18Nd2		C39H50Cl3
N9O22Dy2		C39H46Cl3
N9O20Ho2		C33H36Cl3
N3O18S6Ce2		C33H36Cl3
N3O18S6Nd2
F. Wt.1319.641428.221397.051341.631349.88
Space group (#)P21/n (14)C2/c (15)C2/c (15)P21/n (14)P21/n (14)
Crystal systemMonoclinicMonoclinicMonoclinicMonoclinicMonoclinic
a (Å)10.5126(5)13.6849(3)13.8612(6)9.5974(2)9.6212(3)
b (Å)18.8316(10)22.8267(6)23.0470(10)16.4105(3)16.3828(4)
c (Å)12.7477(5)17.7221(4)17.9615(8)15.3719(3)15.2790(3)
α (°)9090909090
β (°)97.445(5)98.349(2)98.363(4)91.111(2)91.989
γ (°)9090909090
V/Å32502.4(2)5477.4(2)5676.9(4)2420.59(8)2406.86(11)
Z24422
T (K)120120120120120
ρcalc/g cm−31.7511.7221.6301.7911.812
μ/mm−12.2912.9362.9832.3512.630
F(000)13082792273612521260
R(int)0.05580.02830.02070.03020.0573
θ range (deg)3.400–25.0403.360–25.0353.324–25.0453.267–28.0093.267–25.036
Total reflections98541026511058948215285
Unique reflections44194835500548584251
Data with I > 2σ(I)30484155452740623221
Nvar334352361338347
R1 a on I > 2σ(I)0.07180.03760.02960.06120.0553
wR2b (all)0.18080.09880.07670.15090.1375
GOF c on F21.0611.0411.0781.0661.029
Δρmax (eÅ−3)1.6441.3540.8362.0882.424
Δρmin (eÅ−3)−1.581−1.021−0.561−1.314−1.216
a R1 = ∑ ||Fo| − |Fc||/∑ |Fo|. b wR2 = [∑w(Fo2 – Fc2)2/∑w(Fo2)2]1/2. c GOF = [∑ [w(Fo2 – Fc2)2/(Nobs − Nvar)]1/2.
Table
Table 2. Bond distances (Å) for compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
Table 2. Bond distances (Å) for compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
Bond a12345
Ln-O22.513(7)2.444(4)2.407(3)2.571(5)2.512(5)
Ln-O32.493(7)2.439(4)2.497(3)2.556(5)2.538(5)
Ln-O52.513(7)2.491(4)2.408(3)2.572(5)2.545(5)
Ln-O62.510(7)2.387(4)2.514(3)2.596(5)2.540(6)
Ln-O122.498(7)2.470(4)2.458(3)2.554(5)2.507(5)
Ln-O162.518(8)2.381(3)2.466(3)2.567(6)2.529(6)
<Ln-O#>2.5082.4542.4702.5692.529
Ln-O1D2.440(9)2.336(4)2.357(3)2.436(6)2.394(6)
Ln-O11D2.444(8)2.382(4)2.407(3)2.437(6)2.420(6)
Ln-O21D2.417(8)2.371(4)2.396(3)2.437(6)2.391(6)
<Ln-O#D>2.4342.3632.3872.4372.402
a For compound 2: O5 = O12, O6 = O13, O12 = O22 and O16 = O23; for compound 3: O3 = O6, O5 = O12, O6 = O16, O12 = O22 and O16 = O26.
Table
Table 3. SHAPE values for the 13 possible coordination geometries found for coordination number nine in compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
Table 3. SHAPE values for the 13 possible coordination geometries found for coordination number nine in compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
GeometrySymmetry12345
EP-9D9h35.15936.05136.07836.49836.635
OPY-9C8v21.26622.41622.46622.47722.648
HBPY-9D7h18.04520.48220.52919.26919.057
JTC-9C3v14.92415.48915.51715.90216.172
JCCU-9C4v9.35510.61210.58010.84910.831
CCU-9C4v7.8989.5899.5619.6189.703
JCSAPR-9C4v1.6371.1971.1801.7411.528
CSAPR-9C4v0.5070.3170.3010.8460.669
JTCTPR-9D3h3.0601.9711.9862.4902.386
TCTPR-9D3h1.1620.8840.8840.9340.908
JTDIC-9C3v12.57313.27713.25011.69512.101
HH-9C2v12.21212.50712.55611.57811.696
MFF-9Cs1.2800.8650.8491.0880.981
EP-9 = Enneagon; OPY-9 = Octagonal pyramid; HBPY-9 = Heptagonal bipyramid; JTC-9 = Triangular cupola (J3) = trivacant cuboctahedron; JCCU-9 = Capped cube (Elongated square pyramid, J8); CCU-9 = Capped cube; JCSAPR-9 = Capped square antiprism (Gyroelongated square pyramid J10); CSAPR-9 = Capped square antiprism; JTCTPR-9 = Tricapped trigonal prism (J51); TCTPR-9 = Tricapped trigonal prism; JTDIC-9 = Tridiminished icosahedron (J63); HH-9 = Hula-hoop; MFF-9 = Muffin. The minima values are indicated in bold.
Table
Table 4. Magnetic properties of compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
Table 4. Magnetic properties of compounds [Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1), [Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2), [Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3) and [Ln2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] with Ln = Ce (4) and Nd (5).
CompoundχmTexperimental a (cm3 K mol−1)gSLJχmTcalculated (cm3 K mol−1)
[Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6] (1)1.658/113/269/21.64
[Dy2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·4H2O (2)14.44/35/2515/214.17
[Ho2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMF)6]·2H2O (3)14.45/426814.07
[Ce2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (4)0.86/71/235/20.80
[Nd2(C6O4(CN)Cl)3(DMSO)6] (5)1.68/113/269/21.64
a Value per Ln(III) ion.

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Benmansour, S.; Hernández-Paredes, A.; Gómez-García, C.J. Two Dimensional Magnetic Coordination Polymers Formed by Lanthanoids and Chlorocyananilato. Magnetochemistry 2018, 4, 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry4040058

AMA Style

Benmansour S, Hernández-Paredes A, Gómez-García CJ. Two Dimensional Magnetic Coordination Polymers Formed by Lanthanoids and Chlorocyananilato. Magnetochemistry. 2018; 4(4):58. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry4040058

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Benmansour, Samia, Antonio Hernández-Paredes, and Carlos J. Gómez-García. 2018. "Two Dimensional Magnetic Coordination Polymers Formed by Lanthanoids and Chlorocyananilato" Magnetochemistry 4, no. 4: 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry4040058

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