Biomolecules 2015, 5(4), 2723-2757; doi:10.3390/biom5042723
The Role of the Transcriptional Regulation of Stromal Cells in Chronic Inflammation
Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avenida Andalucía S/N, Madrid 28041, Spain
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Ivana Vancurova
Received: 14 August 2015 / Revised: 23 September 2015 / Accepted: 9 October 2015 / Published: 16 October 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transcriptional Regulation of Pro-Inflammatory Genes)
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a common process connecting pathologies that vary in their etiology and pathogenesis such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infections. The response of the immune system to tissue damage involves a carefully choreographed series of cellular interactions between immune and non-immune cells. In recent years, it has become clear that stromal resident cells have an essential role perpetuating the inflammatory environment and dictating in many cases the outcome of inflammatory based pathologies. Signal transduction pathways remain the main focus of study to understand how stimuli contribute to perpetuating the inflammatory response, mainly due to their potential role as therapeutic targets. However, molecular events orchestrated in the nucleus by transcription factors add additional levels of complexity and may be equally important for understanding the phenotypic differences of activated stromal components during the chronic inflammatory process. In this review, we focus on the contribution of transcription factors to the selective regulation of inducible proinflammatory genes, with special attention given to the regulation of the stromal fibroblastic cell function and response. View Full-TextKeywords:
inflammation; stroma; fibroblast; transcription; cancer; arthritis; NF-κB; STAT; HIF-1α; AP-1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
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Valin, A.; Pablos, J.L. The Role of the Transcriptional Regulation of Stromal Cells in Chronic Inflammation. Biomolecules 2015, 5, 2723-2757.
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