Metabolites 2017, 7(2), 18; doi:10.3390/metabo7020018
Metabolic Portraits of Breast Cancer by HR MAS MR Spectroscopy of Intact Tissue Samples
Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
†
These authors contributed equally to this study.
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Madhu Basetti and Peter Meikle
Received: 18 March 2017 / Revised: 20 April 2017 / Accepted: 9 May 2017 / Published: 16 May 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Metabolism)
Abstract
Despite progress in early detection and therapeutic strategies, breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women globally. Due to the heterogeneity and complexity of tumor biology, breast cancer patients with similar diagnosis might have different prognosis and response to treatment. Thus, deeper understanding of individual tumor properties is necessary. Cancer cells must be able to convert nutrients to biomass while maintaining energy production, which requires reprogramming of central metabolic processes in the cells. This phenomenon is increasingly recognized as a potential target for treatment, but also as a source for biomarkers that can be used for prognosis, risk stratification and therapy monitoring. Magnetic resonance (MR) metabolomics is a widely used approach in translational research, aiming to identify clinically relevant metabolic biomarkers or generate novel understanding of the molecular biology in tumors. Ex vivo proton high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR MAS) MR spectroscopy is widely used to study central metabolic processes in a non-destructive manner. Here we review the current status for HR MAS MR spectroscopy findings in breast cancer in relation to glucose, amino acid and choline metabolism. View Full-TextKeywords:
amino acid metabolism; breast cancer; choline phospholipids; glycolysis; HR MAS MR spectroscopy
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
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Haukaas, T.H.; Euceda, L.R.; Giskeødegård, G.F.; Bathen, T.F. Metabolic Portraits of Breast Cancer by HR MAS MR Spectroscopy of Intact Tissue Samples. Metabolites 2017, 7, 18.
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