Over a Decade of recA and tly Gene Sequence Typing of the Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes: What Have We Learnt?
Abstract
:1. Introduction:
2. Introduction of recA and tly Gene Sequencing for Phylogenetic Analysis of P. acnes
3. Choice of recA and tly Loci for Phylogenetic Analysis
4. Adoption of recA and tly Gene Sequencing as a Typing Tool for P. acnes
5. recA and tly Gene Sequencing to Characterise P. acnes Type Zappe Strains
6. Taxonomic Legacy
7. recA and tly Alleles Provide Hints of Conjugal Transfer of Large DNA Segments
8. Newer Molecular Typing Methodologies for Propionibacterium acnes
8.1. MLST Schemes
8.2. Multiplex PCR
8.3. Ribotyping
8.4. High Resolution SLST (HR-SLST)
8.5. Multiple Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) Analysis (MLVA)
8.6. Whole Genome Sequencing
9. Typing Algorithm
10. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MLST8 | MLST9 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ribotype | Phylogroup | Clonal Complex | Clonal Complex |
1, 5, 532 | IA1 | CC1 | CC18 |
1, 4, 5 | IA1 | CC3 | CC3 |
8 | IA1 | CC4 | CC31 |
3, 16 | IA2 | CC2 | CC28 |
1 | IB | CC5 | CC36 |
5 | IC | CC107 | Singletons |
2, 6 | II | CC6/CC72 | CC60 |
9 | III | CC77 | ND |
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McDowell, A. Over a Decade of recA and tly Gene Sequence Typing of the Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes: What Have We Learnt? Microorganisms 2018, 6, 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6010001
McDowell A. Over a Decade of recA and tly Gene Sequence Typing of the Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes: What Have We Learnt? Microorganisms. 2018; 6(1):1. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6010001
Chicago/Turabian StyleMcDowell, Andrew. 2018. "Over a Decade of recA and tly Gene Sequence Typing of the Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes: What Have We Learnt?" Microorganisms 6, no. 1: 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6010001