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Insects 2011, 2(3), 354-368; doi:10.3390/insects2030354

Review

Biogeography and Phylogeny of Wood-feeding Cockroaches in the Genus Cryptocercus

Kiyoto Maekawa ^1,*  and Christine A. Nalepa ²

¹ Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan ² Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613, USA

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 25 May 2011; in revised form: 8 July 2011 / Accepted: 11 July 2011 / Published: 19 July 2011

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phylogeographic Syntheses)

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Abstract: Subsocial, xylophagous cockroaches of the genus Cryptocercus exhibit a disjunct distribution, with representatives in mature montane forests of North America, China, Korea and the Russian Far East. All described species are wingless and dependent on rotting wood for food and shelter at all stages of their life cycle; consequently, their distribution is tied to that of forests and strongly influenced by palaeogeographical events. Asian and American lineages form distinct monophyletic groups, comprised of populations with complex geographic substructuring. We review the phylogeny and distribution of Cryptocercus, and discuss splitting events inferred from molecular data.

Keywords: woodroaches; molecular phylogeny; molecular clock; chromosome number

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