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Cells 2012, 1(4), 1107-1120; doi:10.3390/cells1041107

Review

Surface Markers for Chondrogenic Determination: A Highlight of Synovium-Derived Stem Cells

Douglas D. Campbell ¹  and Ming Pei ^1,2,3,*

¹ Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, WV, USA ² Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, WV, USA ³ Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, WV, USA

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 24 September 2012; in revised form: 31 October 2012 / Accepted: 12 November 2012 / Published: 16 November 2012

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tissue and Organ Regeneration)

Download PDF Full-Text [169 KB, Updated Version, uploaded 5 December 2012 15:07 CET]

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Abstract: Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising field in regenerative medicine that can provide substantial relief to people suffering from degenerative cartilage disease. Current research shows the greatest chondrogenic potential for healthy articular cartilage growth with minimal hypertrophic differentiation to be from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of synovial origin. These stem cells have the capacity for differentiation into multiple cell lineages related to mesenchymal tissue; however, evidence exists for cell surface markers that specify a greater potential for chondrogenesis than other differentiation fates. This review will examine relevant literature to summarize the chondrogenic differentiation capacities of tested synovium-derived stem cell (SDSC) surface markers, along with a discussion about various other markers that may hold potential, yet require further investigation. With this information, a potential clinical benefit exists to develop a screening system for SDSCs that will produce the healthiest articular cartilage possible.

Keywords: synovium-derived stem cell; mesenchymal stem cell; cartilage regeneration; surface phenotype; chondrogenic potential

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