Nanoscale-Textured Tantalum Surfaces for Mammalian Cell Alignment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Tantalum Comb Structures
2.2. Cell Culture and Deposition
2.3. Cell Fixation and Staining Processes
2.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy
2.5. Adherent Cell Alignment and Elongation Characterizations
3. Results
3.1. Test Structure Characterizations
3.2. Cell Alignment and Elongation on Patterned Comb Structures
3.3. Nanometer Scale Morphology Analyses
3.3.1. Cells on Individual Comb Structures
3.3.2. A Single Cell Adhered on Multiply Structures Simultaneously
3.3.3. Long-Stranded Pseudopodia Structures
3.4. Possible Cell Alignment Mechanisms
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reference | Cell Type | Substrate | Line Width Range (μm) | Trench Width Range (μm) | Maximum Alignment Line/Trench Width (μm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[44] | Human corneal epithelial cells | Silicon oxide | 0.07–1.9 | 0.3–2.1 | 0.85/1.15 |
[54] | Osteoblast-like cells (MG63) | Silicon | 0.09–0.5 | 0.09–0.5 | 0.15/0.15 |
[48] | HeLa cells | Polydimethylsiloxane | 2–30 | 1.5–3.0 | 2/2 |
[38] | Human neural stem cells | Polydimethylsiloxane | 5–20 | 5–60 | 5/5 |
[37] | Human mesenchymal stem cells | Polystyrene stripes | 5–1000 | 5–1000 | 20/20 |
[40] | Adult neural stem cells | Poly-d-lysine with Printed laminin strips | 30 | 30–170 | 30/30 |
Structure | Line (L)/Trench (T) Width (μm) | Inspected Comb Structure Area (mm2) | Number of Cells Sampled (n) | Coverage (cell/mm2) | L/S | % of Population Aligned ±10° from Lines |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.18 | 1.8 | 281 | 156 | 2.2 + 0.7 | 63.0 + 1.4 |
2 | 0.25 | 1.8 | 171 | 95 | 2.3 + 0.8 | 55.6 + 4.1 |
3 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 235 | 131 | 2.1 + 0.6 | 53.2 + 7.4 |
4 | 1 | 1.8 | 197 | 109 | 2.7 + 0.9 | 77.7 + 2.0 |
5 | 2 | 1.8 | 179 | 99 | 2.8 + 1.4 | 68.7 + 4.9 |
6 | 5 | 1.8 | 238 | 132 | 2.4 + 1.2 | 68.0 + 6.2 |
7 | 10 | 1.8 | 159 | 88 | 2.3 + 0.8 | 71.7 + 8.6 |
8 | 50 | 1.8 | 337 | 187 | 1.6 + 0.3 | 18.7 + 7.7 |
9 | 100 | 6.6 | 947 | 143 | 1.5 + 0.4 | 17.4 + 0.3 |
10 | blanket Ta | 1.8 | 303 | 168 | 1.5 + 0.4 | 8.6 + 5.5 |
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Moussa, H.I.; Logan, M.; Wong, K.; Rao, Z.; Aucoin, M.G.; Tsui, T.Y. Nanoscale-Textured Tantalum Surfaces for Mammalian Cell Alignment. Micromachines 2018, 9, 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi9090464
Moussa HI, Logan M, Wong K, Rao Z, Aucoin MG, Tsui TY. Nanoscale-Textured Tantalum Surfaces for Mammalian Cell Alignment. Micromachines. 2018; 9(9):464. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi9090464
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoussa, Hassan I., Megan Logan, Kingsley Wong, Zheng Rao, Marc G. Aucoin, and Ting Y. Tsui. 2018. "Nanoscale-Textured Tantalum Surfaces for Mammalian Cell Alignment" Micromachines 9, no. 9: 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi9090464