Mutagenicity of Ochratoxin A and Its Hydroquinone Metabolite in the SupF Gene of the Mutation Reporter Plasmid Ps189
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Reagents
2.2. Treatment of Plasmid PSP189 with OTA
2.3. Transfection of Target Cells
2.4. Mutation Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Activation with Rat Liver Microsomes
Expt. | Treatment | Colonies | M Colonies a | MF (×104) b | Mean ± SE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Plasmid alone | 211267 | 2 | 0.09 | 0.035 ± 0.025 |
2 | 81533 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
3 | 274100 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
1 | 1 mM OTA | 145467 | 1 | 0.07 | 0.061 ± 0.035 |
2 | 48367 | 1 | 0.21 | ||
3 | 295233 | 1 | 0.04 | ||
1 | RLM + 0.5 mM OTA | 165233 | 3 | 0.18 | 0.31 ± 0.087 |
2 | 81767 | 2 | 0.24 | ||
3 | 169300 | 8 | 0.47 | ||
1 | RLM + 1 mM OTA | 104167 | 2 | 0.19 | 0.23 ± 0.072 |
2 | 57767 | 2 | 0.35 | ||
3 | 275867 | 6 | 0.21 | ||
1 | RLM + 5 mM OTA | 88900 | 2 | 0.22 | 0.35 ± 0.093 |
2 | 31333 | 2 | 0.64 | ||
3 | 281700 | 10 | 0.36 | ||
1 | Boiled RLM + 1 mM OTA | 56067 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.032 ± 0.032 |
2 | 51567 | 1 | 0.19 | ||
3 | 204900 | 0 | 0.00 |
3.2. Mutagenicity of OTHQ
Expt. | Treatment | Colonies | M Colonies | MF (× 104) | Mean ± SE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Plasmid alone | 40150 | 2 | 0.50 | 0.39 ± 0.22 |
2 | 18050 | 1 | 0.55 | ||
3 | 19600 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
1 | 1 mM cysteine | 30500 | 3 | 0.98 | 0.73 ± 0.28 |
2 | 32700 | 3 | 0.92 | ||
3 | 32700 | 1 | 0.32 | ||
1 | 1 mM OTHQ | 12400 | 4 | 3.2 | 1.41 ± 0.45 |
2 | 29200 | 3 | 1.0 | ||
3 | 29350 | 3 | 1.0 | ||
1 | 1 mM OTHQ + 1 mM cysteine | 11200 | 6 | 5.4 | 2.45 ± 0.60 |
2 | 29050 | 7 | 2.4 | ||
3 | 29050 | 4 | 1.4 |
3.3. Mutagenicity of OTA-Transition Metal Ion Complexes
Expt. | Treatment | Colonies | M Colonies | MF (× 104) | Mean ± SE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Plasmid alone | 12100 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.080 ± 0.080 |
2 | 37200 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
3 | 76050 | 1 | 0.13 | ||
1 | 1 mM Cu(II)/2 mM OTA | 10067 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.71 ± 0.27 |
2 | 50700 | 3 | 0.59 | ||
3 | 38350 | 3 | 0.78 | ||
1 | 1 mM Fe(III)/2 mM OTA | 24800 | 12 | 4.8 | 2.52 ± 0.52 |
2 | 35600 | 4 | 1.1 | ||
3 | 34650 | 8 | 2.3 |
4. Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
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Akman, S.A.; Adams, M.; Case, D.; Park, G.; Manderville, R.A. Mutagenicity of Ochratoxin A and Its Hydroquinone Metabolite in the SupF Gene of the Mutation Reporter Plasmid Ps189. Toxins 2012, 4, 267-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins4040267
Akman SA, Adams M, Case D, Park G, Manderville RA. Mutagenicity of Ochratoxin A and Its Hydroquinone Metabolite in the SupF Gene of the Mutation Reporter Plasmid Ps189. Toxins. 2012; 4(4):267-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins4040267
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkman, Steven A., Marissa Adams, Doug Case, Gyungse Park, and Richard A. Manderville. 2012. "Mutagenicity of Ochratoxin A and Its Hydroquinone Metabolite in the SupF Gene of the Mutation Reporter Plasmid Ps189" Toxins 4, no. 4: 267-280. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins4040267