Viruses 2011, 3(8), 1439-1459; doi:10.3390/v3081439
Review

Cell Surface Markers in HTLV-1 Pathogenesis

Andrea K. Kress* email, Ralph Grassmann †  and Bernhard Fleckensteinemail
Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany † Deceased.
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 7 July 2011; in revised form: 25 July 2011 / Accepted: 8 August 2011 / Published: 16 August 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in HTLV Research)
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Abstract: The phenotype of HTLV-1-transformed CD4+ T lymphocytes largely depends on defined viral effector molecules such as the viral oncoprotein Tax. In this review, we exemplify the expression pattern of characteristic lineage markers, costimulatory receptors and ligands of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, cytokine receptors, and adhesion molecules on HTLV-1-transformed cells. These molecules may provide survival signals for the transformed cells. Expression of characteristic surface markers might therefore contribute to persistence of HTLV-1-transformed lymphocytes and to the development of HTLV-1-associated disease.
Keywords: HTLV-1; Tax; oncoprotein; phenotype; differentiation; ATLL; HAM/TSP; TNFR; cytokine receptor; interleukin

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Kress, A.K.; Grassmann, R.; Fleckenstein, B. Cell Surface Markers in HTLV-1 Pathogenesis. Viruses 2011, 3, 1439-1459.

AMA Style

Kress AK, Grassmann R, Fleckenstein B. Cell Surface Markers in HTLV-1 Pathogenesis. Viruses. 2011; 3(8):1439-1459.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kress, Andrea K.; Grassmann, Ralph; Fleckenstein, Bernhard. 2011. "Cell Surface Markers in HTLV-1 Pathogenesis." Viruses 3, no. 8: 1439-1459.

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