Increasing and Decreasing Alcohol Use Trajectories Among Older Women in the U.S. Across a 10-Year Interval
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Public Health and Alcohol Use Patterns among Older Women
1.2. Identifying Homogenous Subgroups within a Heterogeneous Sample
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. Measurement
2.3. Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Number of Distinct Trajectories and Weighted Proportions of Sample
3.2. Risk Factor Analyses
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Increasing Drinkers | Decreasing Drinkers | Stable Drinkers | Infrequent Drinkers | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number (%) in group | 232 (5.3) | 264 (5.9) | 1,076 (24.2) | 2,867 (64.6) |
Trajectory characteristics | ||||
Posterior probability | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
# of interviews completed (s.d.) | 4.3 (1.1) | 4.2 (1.0) | 5.0 (1.1) | 5.1 (1.1) |
# (%) known/presumed alive in 2008*** | 229 (98.7) | 245 (92.8) | 1,048 (97.4) | 2,654 (92.6) |
Demographic characteristics | ||||
Age (s.d.)*** | 57.7 (4.2) | 58.4 (4.5) | 57.6 (4.3) | 58.3 (4.2) |
Race*** | ||||
% Black | 15.9 | 17.4 | 8.0 | 22.0 |
% White | 80.2 | 80.7 | 90.5 | 72.4 |
% “other” | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 5.6 |
% Hispanic*** | 9.9 | 8.7 | 3.1 | 11.4 |
% with >12 years of education*** | 40.9 | 40.9 | 55.8 | 28.9 |
% married or cohabiting*** | 72.8 | 70.5 | 76.2 | 67.4 |
Retirement status*** | ||||
% not retired | 56.5 | 54.9 | 60.3 | 46.6 |
% partially retired | 8.2 | 8.7 | 10.6 | 8.2 |
% retired | 12.9 | 20.8 | 14.8 | 17.7 |
% other | 22.4 | 15.5 | 14.3 | 27.5 |
Health status | ||||
% health as excellent/very good*** | 47.8 | 43.2 | 63.9 | 34.6 |
% with ≥1 chronic disease (see text)*** | 67.7 | 77.6 | 64.8 | 77.4 |
% reported vigorous physical activity*** | 50.4 | 48.1 | 54.4 | 41.8 |
%with depression (CES-D score ≥5)*** | 12.1 | 14.4 | 5.4 | 15.4 |
% frequently troubled by pain*** | 26.7 | 32.6 | 19.8 | 34.1 |
% with body mass index ≥30 (obese)*** | 24.1 | 23.1 | 14.7 | 33.8 |
Alcohol and tobacco at baseline | ||||
% regular smoker (cigarettes)* | 17.4 | 28.2 | 22.8 | 21.6 |
% with ≥4 drinks on one occasion*** | 0.9 | 13.3 | 22.2 | 0.2 |
% with alcohol CAGE score ≥2*** | 9.5 | 8.7 | 10.6 | 6.0 |
Increasing Drinkers vs. Non/Infrequent Drinkers Model 1 | Decreasing Drinkers vs. Stable Drinkers Model 2 | |
---|---|---|
Age | ||
60 years and older | 0.81 (0.59–1.10) | 1.01(0.71–1.42) |
50–59 years | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Race | ||
Black | 0.79 (0.49–1.26) | 1.71 (0.98–2.98) |
Other | 0.70 (0.34–1.42) | 0.64 (0.21–1.96) |
White | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Hispanic ethnicity | ||
Hispanic | 1.03 (0.61–1.75) | 1.89 (0.88–4.03) |
Non-Hispanic | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Education | ||
>12 years | 1.59 (1.19–2.11)** | 0.91 (0.67–1.25) |
12 years or less | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Marital status | ||
Married or cohabiting | 1.07 (0.78–1.45) | 0.74 (0.52–1.04) |
Not married or cohabiting | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Retirement status | ||
Not retired | 1.53 (0.97–2.40) | 0.63 (0.41–0.98)* |
Partially retired | 1.35 (0.71–2.57) | 0.64 (0.35–1.17) |
Other/not relevant | 1.39 (0.85–2.27) | 0.79 (0.47–1.35) |
Fully retired | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Self-reported health | ||
Excellent or very good | 1.23 (0.89–1.71) | 0.75 (0.53–1.07) |
Good, fair, or poor | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Chronic disease reported in 1998 | ||
Yes | 0.82 (0.60–1.12) | 1.36 (0.95–1.93) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Reports vigorous physical activity | ||
Yes | 1.41 (1.06–1.86)* | 0.85 (0.63–1.15) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Depression | ||
Yes (8-item CES-D ≥ 4) | 0.85 (0.53–1.36) | 2.16 (1.29–3.61)** |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Frequently troubled by pain | ||
Yes | 0.91 (0.65–1.29) | 1.24 (0.86–1.79) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Body mass index | ||
Obese (BMI ≥ 30.0) | 0.59 (0.42–0.84)** | 1.25 (0.84–1.86) |
Not obese (BMI < 30.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Current cigarette smoker | ||
Yes | 0.67 (0.47–0.94)* | 1.50 (1.05–2.15)* |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
≥4 drinks on one occasion (binging) | ||
Yes | 4.34 (1.07–17.59)* | 0.40 (0.25–0.61)*** |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Alcohol CAGE score ≥2 | ||
Yes | 1.23 (0.75–2.02) | 0.83 (0.49–1.40) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
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Bobo, J.K.; Greek, A.A. Increasing and Decreasing Alcohol Use Trajectories Among Older Women in the U.S. Across a 10-Year Interval. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 3263-3276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8083263
Bobo JK, Greek AA. Increasing and Decreasing Alcohol Use Trajectories Among Older Women in the U.S. Across a 10-Year Interval. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2011; 8(8):3263-3276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8083263
Chicago/Turabian StyleBobo, Janet Kay, and April A. Greek. 2011. "Increasing and Decreasing Alcohol Use Trajectories Among Older Women in the U.S. Across a 10-Year Interval" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8, no. 8: 3263-3276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8083263