Sex and Age Differences in Mortality in Southern China, 2004–2010
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Source of Mortality and Population Data
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Annual Mortality Rates
Year | Population (Thousand) | Number of Deaths/100,000 People (% of All Cause Deaths) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All Causes | Respiratory Diseases | COPD | Pneumonia and Influenza | Circulatory Diseases | Ischemic Heart Disease | ||
2004 | 6449 | 578.2 | 107.6 (18.6) | 88.4 (15.3) | 14.3 (2.5) | 188.1 (32.5) | 48.6 (8.4) |
2005 | 6503 | 580.5 | 112.0 (19.3) | 91.2 (15.7) | 15.5 (2.7) | 186.9 (32.2) | 47.3 (8.1) |
2006 | 6529 | 423.9 | 74.6 (17.6) | 58.2 (13.7) | 12.3 (2.9) | 136.3 (32.2) | 28.5 (6.7) |
2007 | 6571 | 506.2 | 88.4 (17.5) | 69.2 (13.7) | 15.2 (3.0) | 169.2 (33.4) | 39.9 (7.9) |
2008 | 6601 | 548.6 | 96.0 (17.5) | 75.7 (13.8) | 16.9 (3.1) | 192.5 (35.1) | 47.5 (8.7) |
2009 | 6294 | 593.6 | 102.1 (17.2) | 82.3 (13.9) | 16.0 (2.7) | 215.6 (36.3) | 55.4 (9.3) |
2010 | 6357 | 580.0 | 96.1 (16.6) | 75.6 (13.0) | 16.5 (2.8) | 212.0 (36.5) | 57.4 (9.9) |
Mean | 6472 | 543.9 | 96.6 (17.8) | 77.2 (14.2) | 15.2 (2.8) | 185.5 (34.1) | 46.3 (8.5) |
Year | Population (Thousand) | Age-Standardized Deaths Rates/100,000 People (% of All Cause Deaths) | |||||
All Causes | Respiratory Diseases | COPD | Pneumonia and Influenza | Circulatory Diseases | Ischemic Heart Disease | ||
2004 | — | 578.1 | 106.1 (18.4) | 86.8 (15.0) | 14.4 (2.5) | 186.1 (32.2) | 48.1 (8.3) |
2005 | — | 577.7 | 109.7 (19.0) | 89.0 (15.4) | 15.6 (2.7) | 184.0 (31.9) | 46.6 (8.1) |
2006 | — | 429.4 | 75.0 (17.5) | 58.4 (13.6) | 12.5 (2.9) | 137.3 (32.0) | 28.7 (6.7) |
2007 | — | 507.2 | 87.9 (17.3) | 68.7 (13.5) | 15.3 (3.0) | 168.6 (33.2) | 39.8 (7.8) |
2008 | — | 568.9 | 101.6 (17.9) | 80.2 (14.1) | 17.8 (3.1) | 201.6 (35.4) | 49.8 (8.8) |
2009 | — | 586.2 | 102.4 (17.5) | 82.7 (14.1) | 16.0 (2.7) | 214.8 (36.7) | 55.1 (9.4) |
2010 | — | 571.9 | 95.9 (16.8) | 75.8 (13.3) | 16.1 (2.8) | 211.1 (36.9) | 57.1 (10.0) |
Mean | — | 543.9 | 96.6 (17.8) | 77.2 (14.2) | 15.2 (2.8) | 185.5 (34.1) | 46.3 (8.5) |
3.2. Mortality by Sex and Age Group
Age Group | Death Rates per 100,000 People (95% CI) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All Causes | Respiratory Diseases | COPD | ||||
Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |
0–11 months | 825.8 (625.3, 1026.4) | 770.8 (469.3, 1072.2) | 119.2 (87.7, 150.6) | 120.1 (64.8, 175.3) | 1.3 (−1.1, 3.7) | 1.1 (−0.9, 3.1) |
1 year | 148.1 (117.3, 178.9) | 125.8 (98.2, 153.4) | 33.1 (18.8, 47.5) | 31.2 (10.6, 51.9) | 0.3 (−0.5, 1.2) | 0 (0, 0) |
2–4 years | 75.4 (65.4, 85.4) | 62.0 (50.4, 73.5) | 8.7 (6.2, 11.2) | 9.1 (3.5, 14.6) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) |
5–14 years | 34.8 (30.0, 39.6) | 20.5 (17.6, 23.4) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | 0 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.3) |
15–64 years | 341.0 (315.1, 367.0) | 147.4 (128.4, 166.3) | 15.8 (12.8, 18.9) | 8.2 (5.8, 10.7) | 11.8 (9, 14.6) | 6.1 (3.7, 8.4) |
65–74 years | 3252.0 (2894.0, 3610.0) | 1632.8 (1389.2, 1876.4) | 546.2 (443.8, 648.6) | 277.5 (212.7, 342.3) | 476.3 (380, 572.5) | 238.7 (179.5, 298.0) |
≥75 years | 10,759.8 (9290.6, 12,229.1) | 7572.0 (6418.4, 8725.6) | 2912.0 (2592.2, 3231.8) | 2149.2 (1822.5, 2476.0) | 2459.9 (2198.1, 2721.6) | 1696.3 (1427.5, 1965.1) |
All-age | 620.5 (369.6, 871.4) | 462.9 (199.0, 726.8) | 96.8 (31.7, 162.0) | 96.4 (22.9, 169.8) | 79.2 (24.4, 134.1) | 75.0 (17.0, 132.9) |
Age Group | Pneumonia and Influenza | Circulatory Diseases | Ischemic Heart Disease | |||
Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |
0–11 months | 107.3 (78.3, 136.2) | 107.8 (58.4, 157.2) | 13.5 (3.5, 23.6) | 8.9 (4.3, 13.5) | 0.3 (−0.5, 1.1) | 0.7 (−1.1, 2.6) |
1 year | 30.4 (17.2, 43.7) | 28.8 (9.1, 48.6) | 4.1 (0.9, 7.2) | 2.4 (0.2, 4.6) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) |
2–4 years | 7.7 (4.9, 10.4) | 7.9 (2.7, 13.1) | 0.6 (0, 1.1) | 0.5 (0.1, 1) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) |
5–14 years | 1.0 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.8 (0.6, 1) | 1 (0.6, 1.3) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0 (0, 0.1) |
15–64 years | 2.6 (2.0, 3.1) | 1.5 (1.1, 1.9) | 68.3 (62.2, 74.3) | 34.6 (30.1, 39) | 20.3 (17, 23.7) | 8.7 (6.8, 10.7) |
65–74 years | 48.3 (40.7, 55.9) | 29.9 (24.6, 35.1) | 1226.5 (1102.3, 1350.6) | 666.7 (567.6, 765.8) | 278.8 (231.9, 325.8) | 153.5 (125.5, 181.5) |
≥75 years | 347.2 (276.1, 418.2) | 369.8 (298.9, 440.8) | 4682.4 (3821.4, 5543.3) | 3334.9 (2674.8, 3995.1) | 1117.9 (850.5, 1385.3) | 850.9 (643.8, 1058) |
All-age | 13.3 (5.1, 21.4) | 17.4 (4.5, 30.2) | 197.1 (88.4, 305.7) | 173.3 (57.1, 289.5) | 49.1 (23.7, 74.5) | 43.3 (13.8, 72.7) |
3.3. Temporal Trend of Mortality
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yu, L.; Lin, X.; Liu, H.; Shi, J.; Nong, Q.; Tang, H.; Mao, Z. Sex and Age Differences in Mortality in Southern China, 2004–2010. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 7886-7898. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707886
Yu L, Lin X, Liu H, Shi J, Nong Q, Tang H, Mao Z. Sex and Age Differences in Mortality in Southern China, 2004–2010. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(7):7886-7898. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707886
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Leibin, Xinqin Lin, Haiyan Liu, Jian Shi, Quanxing Nong, Hongyang Tang, and Zongfu Mao. 2015. "Sex and Age Differences in Mortality in Southern China, 2004–2010" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 7: 7886-7898. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707886