Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Clinic Visits for Migraine in a Subtropical City: Taipei, Taiwan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Taipei City
2.2. Data Sources and Clinic Visits
2.3. PM2.5 and Meteorological Data
2.4. Statistics
3. Results and Discussion
Variable a | Min | Percentile | Max | Mean | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25% | 50% | 75% | ||||
PM10 (μg/m3) | 14.26 | 34.23 | 45.79 | 61.04 | 888.02 | 50.67 |
PM2.5 (μg/m3) | 8.35 | 19.28 | 26.93 | 36.76 | 140.54 | 29.74 |
SO2 (ppb) | 1.00 | 2.58 | 3.51 | 4.72 | 11.14 | 3.79 |
NO2 (ppb) | 3.22 | 19.86 | 23.65 | 28.35 | 61.94 | 24.44 |
CO (ppm) | 0.13 | 0.49 | 0.62 | 0.78 | 1.99 | 0.66 |
O3 (ppb) | 4.00 | 17.92 | 23.77 | 30.42 | 70.89 | 24.67 |
Temperature (°C) | 9.05 | 19.33 | 24.07 | 28.49 | 33.18 | 23.60 |
Humidity (%) | 23.56 | 66.68 | 73.13 | 79.70 | 94.19 | 72.86 |
Migraine visits | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 24 | 6.24 |
Variable | PM10 | PM2.5 | SO2 | NO2 | CO | O3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PM10 | 1.00 | 0.79 | 0.46 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.29 |
PM2.5 | - | 1.00 | 0.60 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.32 |
SO2 | - | - | 1.00 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.07 |
NO2 | - | - | - | 1.00 | 0.89 | −0.06 |
CO | - | - | - | - | 1.00 | −0.22 |
O3 | - | - | - | - | - | 1.00 |
Temperature | PM2.5 OR (95% CI) a | |
---|---|---|
≥23 °C (1222 days) | Without adjustment b | 1.13 (1.08–1.19) |
Adjusted for SO2 c | 1.15 (1.09–1.22) | |
Adjusted for NO2 c | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | |
Adjusted for CO c | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | |
Adjusted for O3 c | 1.13 (1.07–1.20) | |
<23 °C (969 days) | Without adjustment b | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) |
Adjusted for SO2 c | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) | |
Adjusted for NO2 c | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) | |
Adjusted for CO c | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | |
Adjusted for O3 c | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) |
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chen, C.-C.; Tsai, S.-S.; Yang, C.-Y. Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Clinic Visits for Migraine in a Subtropical City: Taipei, Taiwan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 4697-4708. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120504697
Chen C-C, Tsai S-S, Yang C-Y. Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Clinic Visits for Migraine in a Subtropical City: Taipei, Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(5):4697-4708. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120504697
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Chih-Cheng, Shang-Shyue Tsai, and Chun-Yuh Yang. 2015. "Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Clinic Visits for Migraine in a Subtropical City: Taipei, Taiwan" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 5: 4697-4708. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120504697