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• Halpern, B
• Oliveira, E
• Faria, A
• Halpern, A
• Melo, M
• Cercato, C
• Mancini, M
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• Halpern, B
• Oliveira, E
• Faria, A
• Halpern, A
• Melo, M
• Cercato, C
• Mancini, M
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• Halpern, B
• Oliveira, E
• Faria, A
• Halpern, A
• Melo, M
• Cercato, C
• Mancini, M

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Pharmaceuticals 2010, 3(8), 2398-2415; doi:10.3390/ph3082398

Review

Combinations of drugs in the Treatment of Obesity

Bruno Halpern ¹ , Eduardo S. L. Oliveira ¹ , André M. Faria ¹ , Alfredo Halpern ¹ , Maria Edna de Melo ² , Cintia Cercato ¹  and Marcio C. Mancini ^2,*

¹ Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome Group, Discipline of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, 7º andar, sala 7037, 05403-000 - São Paulo, SP, Brazil ² Laboratory of Carbohydrates and Radioimuneassay/LIM-18, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455 01246-903 - São Paulo, SP, Brazil

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 8 June 2010; in revised form: 9 July 2010 / Accepted: 15 July 2010 / Published: 27 July 2010

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Obesity Drugs)

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Abstract: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with excess morbidity and mortality. Clinical treatment, however, currently offers disappointing results, with very high rates of weight loss failure or weight regain cycles, and only two drugs (orlistat and sibutramine) approved for long-term use. Drugs combinations can be an option for its treatment but, although widely used in clinical practice, very few data are available in literature for its validation. Our review focuses on the rationale for their use, with advantages and disadvantages; on combinations often used, with or without studies; and on new perspectives of combinations being studied mainly by the pharmaceutical industry.

Keywords: drug combination; phentermine; fenfluramine; ephedrine; caffeine; sibutramine; orlistat; metformin; bupropion; naltrexone; zonisamide; topiramate; pramlintide; metreleptin; leptin; glucagon-like peptide-1; peptide YY; 5-hydroxytryptophan; carbidopa; noradrenergic drugs; antidepressants

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