• Submit to Sensors Login Register
• MDPI
• Journals A-Z
• For Authors
• For Editors
• About
• Open Access Policy

• Abstract
• Full-Text PDF [3179 KB]
• Full-Text XML
• Article Versions Notes

• Article Statistics
• PubMed/Medline
• Google Scholar
• Order Reprints

• Cite this article
• Export to BibTeX
• Export to EndNote

• [+] on DOAJ
• Liu, J
• Chen, R
• Chen, Y
• Pei, L
• Chen, L
• [+] on Google Scholar
• Liu, J
• Chen, R
• Chen, Y
• Pei, L
• Chen, L
• [+] on PubMed
• Liu, J
• Chen, R
• Chen, Y
• Pei, L
• Chen, L

•  CiteULike
•  Facebook
•  Mendeley
•  Twitter

This article is

• freely available
• re-usable

Sensors 2012, 12(11), 14612-14629; doi:10.3390/s121114612

Article

iParking: An Intelligent Indoor Location-Based Smartphone Parking Service

Jingbin Liu* , Ruizhi Chen, Yuwei Chen, Ling Pei and Liang Chen

Department of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geodetic Institute, Geodeetinrinne 2, 02431 Masala, Finland

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 3 September 2012; in revised form: 23 October 2012 / Accepted: 24 October 2012 / Published: 31 October 2012

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends towards Automatic Vehicle Control and Perception Systems)

Download PDF Full-Text [3179 KB, uploaded 31 October 2012 10:27 CET]

Abstract: Indoor positioning technologies have been widely studied with a number of solutions being proposed, yet substantial applications and services are still fairly primitive. Taking advantage of the emerging concept of the connected car, the popularity of smartphones and mobile Internet, and precise indoor locations, this study presents the development of a novel intelligent parking service called iParking. With the iParking service, multiple parties such as users, parking facilities and service providers are connected through Internet in a distributed architecture. The client software is a light-weight application running on a smartphone, and it works essentially based on a precise indoor positioning solution, which fuses Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) signals and the measurements of the built-in sensors of the smartphones. The positioning accuracy, availability and reliability of the proposed positioning solution are adequate for facilitating the novel parking service. An iParking prototype has been developed and demonstrated in a real parking environment at a shopping mall. The demonstration showed how the iParking service could improve the parking experience and increase the efficiency of parking facilities. The iParking is a novel service in terms of cost- and energy-efficient solution.

Keywords: multi-sensor fusion; indoor LBS; intelligent parking systems; autonomous navigation; connected car; smartphone intelligent services

Article Statistics

Cite This Article