Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(8), 777-787; doi:10.3390/i8080777
Article

Protective Effect of Encapsulation in Fermentation of Limonene-contained Media and Orange Peel Hydrolyzate

Mohammad Pourbafrani 1,* email, Farid Talebnia 1 email, Claes Niklasson 2 email and Mohammad J. Taherzadeh 1 email
1 School of Engineering, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden 2 Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 21 June 2007; in revised form: 19 July 2007 / Accepted: 26 July 2007 / Published: 7 August 2007
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofuels R&D: Securing the Planet's Future Energy Needs)
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Abstract: This work deals with the application of encapsulation technology to eliminateinhibition by D-limonene in fermentation of orange wastes to ethanol. Orange peel wasenzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase and pectinase. However, fermentation of thereleased sugars in this hydrolyzate by freely suspended S. cerevisiae failed due to inhibitionby limonene. On the other hand, encapsulation of S. cerevisiae in alginate membranes wasa powerful tool to overcome the negative effects of limonene. The encapsulated cells wereable to ferment the orange peel hydrolyzate in 7 h, and produce ethanol with a yield of 0.44g/g fermentable sugars. Cultivation of the encapsulated yeast in defined medium wassuccessful, even in the presence of 1.5% (v/v) limonene. The capsules’ membranes wereselectively permeable to the sugars and the other nutrients, but not limonene. While1% (v/v) limonene was present in the culture, its concentration inside the capsules was notmore than 0.054% (v/v).
Keywords: Orange peel; encapsulated yeast; alginate membrane; ethanol; limonene; enzymatic hydrolysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pourbafrani, M.; Talebnia, F.; Niklasson, C.; Taherzadeh, M.J. Protective Effect of Encapsulation in Fermentation of Limonene-contained Media and Orange Peel Hydrolyzate. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8, 777-787.

AMA Style

Pourbafrani M, Talebnia F, Niklasson C, Taherzadeh MJ. Protective Effect of Encapsulation in Fermentation of Limonene-contained Media and Orange Peel Hydrolyzate. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2007; 8(8):777-787.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pourbafrani, Mohammad; Talebnia, Farid; Niklasson, Claes; Taherzadeh, Mohammad J. 2007. "Protective Effect of Encapsulation in Fermentation of Limonene-contained Media and Orange Peel Hydrolyzate." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 8, no. 8: 777-787.

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