Of Oestrogens and Sperm: A Review of the Roles of Oestrogens and Oestrogen Receptors in Male Reproduction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Oestrogen Receptors
2.1. Signalling Pathways
2.1.1. Genomic Pathway
2.1.2. Non-Genomic Pathway
2.2. Oestrogen Receptors in the Testis
2.3. Oestrogen Receptors in Sperm
2.4. Genetically Manipulated Mouse Models
2.4.1. Aromatase Knockout
2.4.2. ERα Gene-Manipulated Models
2.4.3. ERβ Knockout
2.4.4. GPER Knockout
3. The Effect of Oestrogens on Spermatogenesis and Sperm
4. Interaction of Oestrogen-Like Compounds with ERs
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ArKO | aromatase knockout |
DES | diethylstilbestrol |
E2 | 17β-estradiol |
EDs | endocrine disruptors |
ERE | oestrogen response element |
ERs | oestrogen receptors |
ERαKO | ER alpha knock-out |
ERβKO | ER beta knock-out |
ESR1/ERα | oestrogen receptor 1/alpha |
ESR2/ERβ | oestrogen receptor 2/beta |
GPER/GPR30 | G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 |
ZEA | Zearalenone |
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Dostalova, P.; Zatecka, E.; Dvorakova-Hortova, K. Of Oestrogens and Sperm: A Review of the Roles of Oestrogens and Oestrogen Receptors in Male Reproduction. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050904
Dostalova P, Zatecka E, Dvorakova-Hortova K. Of Oestrogens and Sperm: A Review of the Roles of Oestrogens and Oestrogen Receptors in Male Reproduction. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(5):904. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050904
Chicago/Turabian StyleDostalova, Pavla, Eva Zatecka, and Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova. 2017. "Of Oestrogens and Sperm: A Review of the Roles of Oestrogens and Oestrogen Receptors in Male Reproduction" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 5: 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050904