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• Louime, C
• Lu, J
• Onokpise, O
• Vasanthaiah, H
• Kambiranda, D
• Basha, S
• Yun, H
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• Louime, C
• Lu, J
• Onokpise, O
• Vasanthaiah, H
• Kambiranda, D
• Basha, S
• Yun, H
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• Louime, C
• Lu, J
• Onokpise, O
• Vasanthaiah, H
• Kambiranda, D
• Basha, S
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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12(6), 3473-3488; doi:10.3390/ijms12063473

Article

Resistance to Elsinoë Ampelina and Expression of Related Resistant Genes in Vitis Rotundifolia Michx. Grapes

Clifford Louime ^1,* , Jiang Lu ¹ , Oghenekome Onokpise ¹ , Hemanth K. N. Vasanthaiah ¹ , Devaiah Kambiranda ¹ , Sheikh M. Basha ¹  and Hae Keun Yun ²

¹ College of Engineering Sciences, Technology and Agriculture, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32317, USA ² National Horticultural Research Institute, Fruit research Division, Rural Development Administration, 475 Imok-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-706, Korea

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 3 May 2011; in revised form: 17 May 2011 / Accepted: 25 May 2011 / Published: 1 June 2011

(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics)

Download PDF Full-Text [419 KB, uploaded 1 June 2011 14:34 CEST]

Abstract: Muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia Michx) are considered as excellent genetic resources for grape breeding programs as they are known for their hardiness and resistance to pests and diseases. However, contrary to popular belief, our study indicated that not all muscadine cultivars are resistant to anthracnose disease. In order to identify a source of genetic tolerance towards anthracnose among muscadine cultivars, a series of in-situ and ex-situ experiments were conducted through strict and sensitive screening processes. Two consecutive years of field evaluation of 54 grape cultivars showed various levels of anthracnose incidence among the cultivars between a scale of 0 (tolerant) to 5 (highly-susceptible). Resistance bioassay by inoculation of different spore densities of Elsinoë ampelina on 40 cultivars presented similar results and was consistent with those obtained from the field test. A real-time PCR analysis was conducted to investigate differences of gene expression between susceptible and tolerant cultivars and to confirm results by phenotypic identification. Expression of genes encoding chalcone synthase, stilbene synthase, polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein, chitinase and lipid transfer-protein was only detected in tolerant cultivars. Resistant muscadine cultivars identified in this study could be excellent candidates for grape disease resistance breeding programs.

Keywords: anthracnose; disease resistance; Elsinoë ampelina; pathogenicity testing; Vitis rotundifolia

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