High-Pressure Homogenization Pretreatment before Enzymolysis of Soy Protein Isolate: the Effect of Pressure Level on Aggregation and Structural Conformations of the Protein
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Different Pretreatments of SPI Suspensions
2.3. Preparation of SPI Suspensions with HPH
2.4. Determination of the Degree of Hydrolysis (DH)
2.5. Determination of Antioxidant Activity of SPI Hydrolysates
2.6. Light Scattering
2.6.1. Apparatus of Light Scattering
2.6.2. Dynamic Light Scattering
2.6.3. Static Light Scattering
2.7. Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy
2.8. Scanning Electron Microscopy
2.9. Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Pretreatment on Enzymatic Hydrolysis and DPPH Radical-Scavenging Activity of the SPI Hydrolysates
3.1.1. Effect of Pressure on Enzymatic Hydrolysis and DPPH Radical-Scavenging Activity of the SPI Hydrolysates
3.1.2. Effect of Homogenization Cycles on Enzymatic Hydrolysis and DPPH Radical-Scavenging Activity of the SPI Hydrolysates
3.2. Light Scattering
3.2.1. Static Light Scattering Analysis
3.2.2. Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis
3.2.3. The Conformation of SPI Aggregates
3.3. Microscopic Appearance and Structural Analysis of SPI
3.4. SPI Film Macromorphology
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are not available from the authors. |
Sample Code | Mw (g/mol × 107) | Rg (nm) | Rh (nm) | A2 (×10-4) | ρ (Rg/Rh) | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 0.29 ± 0.17 e | 96.0 ± 5.4 e | 122.97 | –3.28 ± 0.65 | 0.78 | hard sphere |
HPH-10 MPa | 5.90 ± 0.22 a | 310.0 ± 6.4 a | 155.67 | 1.60 ± 0.41 | 1.99 | GCP |
HPH-20 MPa | 4.36 ± 0.34 b | 161.0 ± 8.3 b | 140.18 | 0.72 ± 0.18 | 1.15 | GCM |
HPH-30 MPa | 2.44 ± 0.14 d | 141.0 ± 6.0 c | 117.14 | 1.45 ± 0.5 | 1.2 | GCM |
HPH-40 MPa | 2.24 ± 0.08 d | 122.2 ± 3.4 d | 115.94 | 1.38 ± 0.32 | 1.05 | hollow sphere |
HPH-60 MPa | 2.89 ± 0.11 c | 114.3 ± 3.7 d | 109.11 | 0.74 ± 0.22 | 1.05 | hollow sphere |
Pressure (MPa) | α-Helix (%) | β-Sheet (%) | β-Turn (%) | Random Coil (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 20.21 a | 27.23 a | 33.33 c | 19.23 a |
10 | 16.99 d | 22.84 e | 43.86 a | 16.99 c |
20 | 17.27 c | 22.74 e | 43.78 a | 16.18 e |
30 | 16.43 e | 22.99 d | 43.69 a | 16.89 c |
40 | 16.15 f | 23.42 c | 44.04 a | 16.39 d |
50 | 17.82 b | 22.57 f | 43.47 b | 16.13 e |
80 | 15.29 g | 23.67 b | 43.25 b | 17.79 b |
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Zhao, F.; Zhang, D.; Li, X.; Dong, H. High-Pressure Homogenization Pretreatment before Enzymolysis of Soy Protein Isolate: the Effect of Pressure Level on Aggregation and Structural Conformations of the Protein. Molecules 2018, 23, 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071775
Zhao F, Zhang D, Li X, Dong H. High-Pressure Homogenization Pretreatment before Enzymolysis of Soy Protein Isolate: the Effect of Pressure Level on Aggregation and Structural Conformations of the Protein. Molecules. 2018; 23(7):1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071775
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Fei, Daofang Zhang, Xiangyang Li, and Haizhou Dong. 2018. "High-Pressure Homogenization Pretreatment before Enzymolysis of Soy Protein Isolate: the Effect of Pressure Level on Aggregation and Structural Conformations of the Protein" Molecules 23, no. 7: 1775. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071775