Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Liver Protection of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F through the Inhibition of MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB Activation In Vitro and In Vivo
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Effect of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F on Viability of LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells
2.2. Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F Inhibited the Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells
2.3. MAPKs, NF-κB and STAT3 Pathways Involved in Mediating the Effects of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F on Reducing Inflammation in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells
2.4. Effects of Alisol F on LPS/d-gal-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. General Experimental Procedures
3.2. Cell Culture
3.3. In Vivo Animal Model Experiments
3.4. Measurement of Cell Viability
3.5. Determination of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels In Vivo
3.6. RNA Isolation and Quantitative Real-Time PCR
3.7. Immunofluorescence Staining
3.8. Western Blot Analysis
3.9 Analysis of Liver Enzymes and Histology
3.10. Data Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of alisol F and 25-anhydroalisol F are available from the authors. |
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Bi, X.; Wang, P.; Ma, Q.; Han, L.; Wang, X.; Mu, Y.; Guan, P.; Qu, X.; Wang, Z.; Huang, X. Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Liver Protection of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F through the Inhibition of MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB Activation In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2017, 22, 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060951
Bi X, Wang P, Ma Q, Han L, Wang X, Mu Y, Guan P, Qu X, Wang Z, Huang X. Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Liver Protection of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F through the Inhibition of MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB Activation In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules. 2017; 22(6):951. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060951
Chicago/Turabian StyleBi, Xiaoxu, Pu Wang, Qingjuan Ma, Li Han, Xingbo Wang, Yu Mu, Peipei Guan, Xiaodan Qu, Zhanyou Wang, and Xueshi Huang. 2017. "Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Liver Protection of Alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F through the Inhibition of MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB Activation In Vitro and In Vivo" Molecules 22, no. 6: 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060951