Structural Investigation of Cell Wall Xylan Polysaccharides from the Leaves of Algerian Argania spinosa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Extraction and Isolation of Structural Polysaccharides
2.2. Monosaccharide Composition of the Hemicellulosic Extracts
2.3. Infrared Analysis of the Hemicellulosic Extracts
2.4. Purification and Characterization of KOH and NaOH Hemicellulosic Fractions
2.4.1. Purification and Monosaccharide Composition
2.4.2. Oligosaccharide Fractions Obtained by Enzymatic Hydrolysis
2.4.3. Mass Spectrometry Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Biological Material
3.2. Chemicals and Enzyme
3.3. Isolation of Hemicellulose Fractions
3.4. Purification of Hemicellulose Fractions
3.5. Enzymatic Hydrolysis
3.6. Chemical Characterizations
3.6.1. Chemical Composition of Extracts
3.6.2. Monosaccharide Composition
3.6.3. FT-IR Spectroscopy
3.6.4. Mass Spectrometry
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fraction | Yield (Mass %) | UA (%) | NS (%) |
---|---|---|---|
S0: pigments | 45.6 * | - | - |
S1: minerals, simple sugars | 3.5 * | 25.1 | 74.9 |
S2: HM pectin | 2.9 ** | 48.6 | 51.4 |
S3: LM pectin | 13.2 ** | 67.9 | 32.1 |
S4: Hemicellulose KOH | 11.8 ** | 18.3 | 81.7 |
S5: Hemicellulose NaOH | 6.7 ** | 18.6 | 81.4 |
C6: Cellulose | 21.1 ** | - | - |
Glycosyl Residues | S4: Hemicelluloses KOH | S5: Hemicelluloses NaOH |
---|---|---|
Rha | 7.2 | 5.8 |
Fuc | 1.6 | 2.3 |
Ara | 39.4 | 31.9 |
Xyl | 24.9 | 33.3 |
Man | 1.3 | 1.0 |
Gal | 8.2 | 8.0 |
Glc | 6.3 | 6.8 |
Gal A | 4.9 | 6.4 |
Glc A | 0.6 | 0.5 |
4-O-Me Glc A | 5.6 | 4.0 |
Glycosyl Residues (Molar %) | S4: Hemicelluloses KOH | S5: Hemicelluloses NaOH | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
FI | FIII | FI | FIII | |
UA (%) | 17.1 | 20.6 | 30.8 | 17.1 |
NS (%) | 82.9 | 79.4 | 69.2 | 82.9 |
Rha | 6.6 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 7.1 |
Fuc | 1.2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 4.3 |
Ara | 35.8 | 43.0 | 35.4 | 36.1 |
Xyl | 29.8 | 18.2 | 30.8 | 22.2 |
Man | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.7 |
Gal | 6.3 | 10.8 | 6.2 | 8.6 |
Glc | 8.4 | 6.0 | 7.4 | 8.3 |
Gal A | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 8.2 |
Glc A | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
4-O-Me Glc A | 2.9 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.7 |
Glycosyl Residues | Oligosaccharides KOH Obtained by Enzymatic Hydrolysis | Oligosaccharides NaOH Obtained by Enzymatic Hydrolysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
FI | FIII | FI | FIII | |
Rha | 4.3 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 5.2 |
Fuc | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Ara | 17.1 | 20.4 | 16.1 | 15.8 |
Xyl | 58.1 | 45.8 | 24.0 | 31.6 |
Man | 2.2 | 8.1 | 24.1 | 19.3 |
Gal | 1.5 | 14.9 | 10.2 | 10.0 |
Glc | 2.1 | 2.3 | 6.8 | 10.9 |
Gal A | 5.4 | 0.3 | 9.1 | 3.9 |
Glc A | 0.6 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 1.2 |
4-O-Me Glc A | 8.7 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.1 |
Subfraction Obtained by Enzymatic Hydrolysis | Compound | [M + Na]+ |
---|---|---|
FI KOH | 3(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 627.2 |
4(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 759.3 | |
5(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 891.3 | |
6(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 1023.4 | |
5(pentose) + 2(uronic acid methylated) | 1081.4 | |
FIII KOH | 3(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 627.2 |
4(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 759.3 | |
5(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 891.3 | |
FI NaOH | 3(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 627.2 |
4(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 759.3 | |
FIII NaOH | 3(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 627.2 |
4(pentose) + 1(uronic acid methylated) | 759.3 |
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Hachem, K.; Faugeron, C.; Kaid-Harche, M.; Gloaguen, V. Structural Investigation of Cell Wall Xylan Polysaccharides from the Leaves of Algerian Argania spinosa. Molecules 2016, 21, 1587. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21111587
Hachem K, Faugeron C, Kaid-Harche M, Gloaguen V. Structural Investigation of Cell Wall Xylan Polysaccharides from the Leaves of Algerian Argania spinosa. Molecules. 2016; 21(11):1587. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21111587
Chicago/Turabian StyleHachem, Kadda, Céline Faugeron, Meriem Kaid-Harche, and Vincent Gloaguen. 2016. "Structural Investigation of Cell Wall Xylan Polysaccharides from the Leaves of Algerian Argania spinosa" Molecules 21, no. 11: 1587. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21111587