Nimbolide B and Nimbic Acid B, Phytotoxic Substances in Neem Leaves with Allelopathic Activity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Allelopathic Activity of the Extracts of Neem Leaves
2.2. Isolation and Identification of Allelopathic Active Substances
Compound 1 | Compound 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
δH/ppm (mult., J in Hz) a | δC/ppm b | δH/ppm (mult., J in Hz) a | δC/ppm c | |
1 | 200.8 | 202.2 | ||
2 | 5.91 (d, 9.9) | 130.8 | 5.85 (d, 10.1) | 126.0 |
3 | 7.28 (d, 9.9) | 150.0 | 6.44 (d, 10.1) | 148.5 |
4 | 43.7 | 43.0 | ||
5 | 3.08 (d, 12.5) | 47.8 | 3.31 (d, 11.4) | 47.9 |
6 | 4.60 (dd, 2.9, 12.5) | 73.2 | 3.92 (m) | n.d. d |
7 | 4.32 (d, 3.4) | 83.1 | 4.07 (d, 3.6) | 87.9 |
8 | 50.6 | 46.9 | ||
9 | 2.60 (m) | 41.4 | 2.61 (m) | 39.1 |
10 | 45.4 | 43.3 | ||
11a | 2.30 (m) | 32.8 | 2.12 (dd, 2.5, 16.5) | 35.0 |
11b | 3.18 (m) | 2.83 (dd, 6.4, 16.5) | ||
12 | 175.0 | 175.8 | ||
13 | 132.5 | 130.9 | ||
14 | 148.6 | 150.4 | ||
15 | 5.60 (dd, 7.1, 7.1) | 88.8 | 5.66 (m) | 87.5 |
16a | 2.16 (m) | 38.9 | 2.10 (dd, 2.0, 12.5) | 38.4 |
16b | 2.39 (m) | 2.41 (dd, 6.7, 12.5) | ||
17 | 3.81 (d, 9.4) | 53.0 | 3.86 (m) | 57.6 |
18 | 1.74 (s, 3H) | 13.1 | 1.73 (s, 3H) | 13.0 |
19 | 1.23 (s, 3H) | 14.9 | 1.23 (s, 3H) | 15.7 |
20 | 168.4 | n.d. d | ||
21 | 5.77 (s) | 97.4 | 5.74 (d, 7.6) | 97.1 |
22 | 5.92 (s) | 120.3 | 5.95 (s) | 120.0 |
23 | 170.2 | n.d. d | ||
28 | 174.7 | 174.8 | ||
29 | 1.48 (s, 3H) | 18.7 | 1.60 (s, 3H) | 17.0 |
30 | 1.35 (s, 3H) | 17.1 | 1.28 (s, 3H) | 17.1 |
12OCH3 | 3.76 (s, 3H) | 52.7 | 3.80 (s, 3H) | 52.2 |
21NH | 5.56 (d, 7.6) |
2.3. Biological Activity
3. Experimental
3.1. Plant Materials
3.2. Extraction and Bioassay
3.3. Purification of Active Substances
3.4. Spectral Data
3.5. Bioassay of the Isolated Compounds
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kato-Noguchi, H.; Salam, M.A.; Ohno, O.; Suenaga, K. Nimbolide B and Nimbic Acid B, Phytotoxic Substances in Neem Leaves with Allelopathic Activity. Molecules 2014, 19, 6929-6940. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19066929
Kato-Noguchi H, Salam MA, Ohno O, Suenaga K. Nimbolide B and Nimbic Acid B, Phytotoxic Substances in Neem Leaves with Allelopathic Activity. Molecules. 2014; 19(6):6929-6940. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19066929
Chicago/Turabian StyleKato-Noguchi, Hisashi, Md Abdus Salam, Osamu Ohno, and Kiyotake Suenaga. 2014. "Nimbolide B and Nimbic Acid B, Phytotoxic Substances in Neem Leaves with Allelopathic Activity" Molecules 19, no. 6: 6929-6940. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19066929