Licocalchone-C Extracted from Glycyrrhiza Glabra Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Interferon-γ Inflammation by Improving Antioxidant Conditions and Regulating Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Cytotoxicities of Licochalcone C
2.2. Antioxidant Activity of Licochalcone C
2.3. Influence of licochalcone C on iNOS signaling via NFkB
3. Experimental
3.1. General
3.2. Cell culture
3.3. Determination of O2−
3.4. Cu, Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Activity
3.5. Catalase Activity
3.6. Glutathione Peroxidase Activity
3.7. Protein Extraction and Isolation of Nuclei
3.8. Western blot Analysis for iNOS, NF-κB and 3-nitrotyrosine
3.9. Semi-Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction for iNOS
3.10. Citrulline Synthesis
3.11. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compound are available from the authors. |
Before incubation | After 24 hr of incubation | ||
---|---|---|---|
Control cells | 96.2% | 95% | |
Cells + 500 μM Licochalcone C | 91% | p < 0.05 | |
Cells + 100 μM Licochalcone C | 91.4% | p < 0.05 | |
Cells + 50 μM Licochalcone C | 94.4% | p < 0.05 |
CONTROL | LPS + INF-γ | LPS + INF-γ + Licochalcone C | Licochalcone C | |
---|---|---|---|---|
NFkB Western Blotting | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 1.17 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.03* | 0.31 ± 0.03 |
iNOS Western Blotting | 0.17 ± 0.05 | 1.01 ± 0.03 | 0.28 ± 0.04* | 0.23 ± 0.03 |
iNOS rt-PCR | 0.25 ± 0.04 | 0.62 ± 0.04 | 0.15 ± 0.02* | 0.16 ± 0.03 |
3-Nitrotyrosine Western Blotting | 0.23 ± 0.06 | 1.12 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.05* | 0.17 ± 0.04 |
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Franceschelli, S.; Pesce, M.; Vinciguerra, I.; Ferrone, A.; Riccioni, G.; Antonia, P.; Grilli, A.; Felaco, M.; Speranza, L. Licocalchone-C Extracted from Glycyrrhiza Glabra Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Interferon-γ Inflammation by Improving Antioxidant Conditions and Regulating Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression. Molecules 2011, 16, 5720-5734. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16075720
Franceschelli S, Pesce M, Vinciguerra I, Ferrone A, Riccioni G, Antonia P, Grilli A, Felaco M, Speranza L. Licocalchone-C Extracted from Glycyrrhiza Glabra Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Interferon-γ Inflammation by Improving Antioxidant Conditions and Regulating Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression. Molecules. 2011; 16(7):5720-5734. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16075720
Chicago/Turabian StyleFranceschelli, Sara, Mirko Pesce, Isabella Vinciguerra, Alessio Ferrone, Graziano Riccioni, Patruno Antonia, Alfredo Grilli, Mario Felaco, and Lorenza Speranza. 2011. "Licocalchone-C Extracted from Glycyrrhiza Glabra Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Interferon-γ Inflammation by Improving Antioxidant Conditions and Regulating Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression" Molecules 16, no. 7: 5720-5734. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16075720