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Molecules 2010, 15(5), 3441-3461; doi:10.3390/molecules15053441

Article

Carbon-Carbon Cross Coupling Reactions in Ionic Liquids Catalysed by Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Martin H. G. Prechtl ^1,2,* , Jackson D. Scholten ¹  and Jairton Dupont ¹

¹ Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil ² Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 16 April 2010; in revised form: 6 May 2010 / Accepted: 11 May 2010 / Published: 12 May 2010

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-catalysts and Nano-technologies for Green Organic Synthesis)

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Abstract: A brief summary of selected pioneering and mechanistic contributions in the field of carbon-carbon cross-coupling reactions with palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) in ionic liquids (ILs) is presented. Five exemplary model systems using the Pd-NPs/ILs approach are presented: Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Sonogashira and Ullmann reactions which all have in common the use of ionic liquids as reaction media and the use of palladium nanoparticles as reservoir for the catalytically active palladium species.

Keywords: palladium; nanoparticles; ionic liquids; cross-coupling; Heck; Suzuki; Stille; Sonogashira; Ullmann

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