Molecules 2008, 13(4), 986-994; doi:10.3390/molecules13040986
Article

Fluorinated Analogs of Malachite Green: Synthesis and Toxicity

George A. Kraus 1,* email, Insik Jeon 1 , Marit Nilsen-Hamilton 2 , Ahmed M. Awad 2 , Jayeeta Banerjee 2  and Bahram Parvin 3
1 Iowa State University Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA 50011, USA 2 Iowa State University Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Ames, IA 50011, USA 3 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Department of Cancer Biology, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 21 March 2008; in revised form: 22 April 2008 / Accepted: 22 April 2008 / Published: 27 April 2008
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Abstract: A series of fluorinated analogs of malachite green (MG) have been synthesizedand their toxicity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a human ovarian epithelial cell lineexamined. The toxicity profiles were found to be different for these two species. Twoanalogs, one with 2,4-difluoro substitution and the other with 2-fluoro substitution seem tobe the most promising analogs because they showed the lowest toxicity to the human cells.
Keywords: Malachite Green; Malachite Green analogs; Bathochromic shift; Toxicity; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; human ovarian epithelial cells.

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kraus, G.A.; Jeon, I.; Nilsen-Hamilton, M.; Awad, A.M.; Banerjee, J.; Parvin, B. Fluorinated Analogs of Malachite Green: Synthesis and Toxicity. Molecules 2008, 13, 986-994.

AMA Style

Kraus GA, Jeon I, Nilsen-Hamilton M, Awad AM, Banerjee J, Parvin B. Fluorinated Analogs of Malachite Green: Synthesis and Toxicity. Molecules. 2008; 13(4):986-994.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kraus, George A.; Jeon, Insik; Nilsen-Hamilton, Marit; Awad, Ahmed M.; Banerjee, Jayeeta; Parvin, Bahram. 2008. "Fluorinated Analogs of Malachite Green: Synthesis and Toxicity." Molecules 13, no. 4: 986-994.

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