Keywordslow-carbon transition; regional energy demand; China; Hebei; sustainability; urban form; neighborhood; design; social housing; urban communities; UAE; thermal comfort; low income housing; Thailand; tropical climates; dynamic thermal simulations; sensitivity analysis; green roof; substrate; thermal performance; heat flux; parametric analysis; sustainable buildings and cities; energy efficient buildings; climate change mitigation; construction process; energy efficiency; refurbishment activity; retrofitting; Cyprus; overheating; daylighting; design tool; assessment tool; London; high-rise; residential; floor-level; orientation; glazing; energy efficiency; hot climate; plant-shaded wall; thermal performance; vandalism; lighting; outdoor design; illuminance; IESVE simulation; UAE; environmental experience design; user experience design; function analysis; environmental psychology; indoor environmental quality; aged care facilities; architectural design; EXD research framework matrix; Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV); façade; customization; architectural potentials; barriers