Osteology

24 pages, 3892 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Risk Factors Associated with Fragility Hip Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Diana Yeritsyan, Kaveh Momenzadeh, Amin Mohamadi, Sharri J. Mortensen, Indeevar R. Beeram, Daniela Caro, Nadim Kheir, Megan McNichol, John J. Wixted, Paul Appleton, Arvind von Keudell and Ara Nazarian

Osteology 2024, 4(2), 64-87; https://doi.org/10.3390/osteology4020006 - 14 May 2024

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Abstract

Hip fractures inflict heightened morbidity and mortality upon older adults. Although previous studies have explored the impact of individual demographic factors on hip fracture risk, a comprehensive review can help reconcile disparities among these factors. This meta-analysis encompassed 69 studies involving 976,677 participants [...] Read more.

Hip fractures inflict heightened morbidity and mortality upon older adults. Although previous studies have explored the impact of individual demographic factors on hip fracture risk, a comprehensive review can help reconcile disparities among these factors. This meta-analysis encompassed 69 studies involving 976,677 participants and 99,298 cases of hip fractures. We found that age ≥ 85 (OR = 1.75), BMI < 18.5 (OR 1.72), female sex (OR = 1.23), history of falls (OR = 1.88), previous fractures (OR = 3.16), menopause (OR 7.21), history of maternal hip fractures (OR = 1.61), single and unmarried status (OR = 1.70), divorced status (OR 1.38), residing in a residential care facility (OR = 5.30), and living alone (OR = 1.47) were significantly associated with an increased incidence of hip fracture. Conversely, BMI ranging from 25 to 30 (OR = 0.59), BMI > 30 (OR = 0.38), parity (OR = 0.79), non-Caucasian descent (overall OR = 0.4, Asian OR 0.36, Black OR = 0.39, and Hispanic OR = 0.45), and rural residence (OR = 0.95) were significantly associated with a diminished risk of hip fracture. Hip fracture patients exhibited significantly lower weight and BMI than the non-fracture group, while their age was significantly higher. However, age at menopause and height did not significantly differ between the two groups. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Bone-Related Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapy Development)

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12 pages, 569 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pre-Operative Adiposity and Synovial Fluid Inflammatory Biomarkers Provide a Predictive Model for Post-Operative Outcomes Following Total Joint Replacement Surgery in Osteoarthritis Patients

by Dominika E. Nanus, Edward T. Davis and Simon W. Jones

Osteology 2024, 4(2), 53-63; https://doi.org/10.3390/osteology4020005 - 22 Apr 2024

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Abstract

A proportion of osteoarthritis (OA) patients are unsatisfied with post-operative outcomes following total joint replacement surgery (TJR), with insufficient pain relief or poor functional improvement. Predicting those who will have poor outcomes would be beneficial for patients and clinicians. The aim of this [...] Read more.

A proportion of osteoarthritis (OA) patients are unsatisfied with post-operative outcomes following total joint replacement surgery (TJR), with insufficient pain relief or poor functional improvement. Predicting those who will have poor outcomes would be beneficial for patients and clinicians. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between baseline anthropometric data and the concentration of pre-operative serum and peri-operative synovial fluid (SF) cytokines and 7-month post-operative outcomes in a cohort of knee and hip OA patients. 160 OA patients were recruited who were scheduled for TJR. The concentration of 24 cytokines was measured in blood and SF by multiplex assay. EQ5D index health status was assessed pre-operatively and at 7 months post-operatively. 13% of patients were identified as non-responders based on EQ5D index. Compared to responders, non-responders were of higher body mass index (BMI), had greater waist and hip circumference, and had higher levels of SF leptin but lower levels of SF resistin (p < 0.05). Linear regression analysis found a significant but weak relationship between pre-operative body weight and post-operative response (ΔEQ5D index; r = 0.222, p = 0.049). The combination of body weight with SF amphiregulin and SF IL-6 provided an improved predictive model of post-operative response (r = 0.470, p = 0.035). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Arthroplasty)

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8 pages, 4726 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Type I Monteggia Fracture with Associated Ipsilateral Capitellar and Humeral Diaphyseal Fractures in an Adult

by Casey McDonald, Matt Kannenberg, Jason Goodrum, John Eakin, Paul Ryan and Anil Dutta

Osteology 2024, 4(2), 45-52; https://doi.org/10.3390/osteology4020004 - 4 Apr 2024

Viewed by 365

Abstract

Background: Monteggia fractures entail a proximal ulnar fracture with associated radial head dislocation. Primarily observed as a fracture in the pediatric population, there have been rare occurrences in adults. In rare instances, various associated fractures have been reported with Monteggia fractures. However, during [...] Read more.

Background: Monteggia fractures entail a proximal ulnar fracture with associated radial head dislocation. Primarily observed as a fracture in the pediatric population, there have been rare occurrences in adults. In rare instances, various associated fractures have been reported with Monteggia fractures. However, during our literature review, a type I Monteggia fracture had not been reported along with ipsilateral diaphyseal humerus and capitellar fractures. Here, we present a successful post-operative outcome for a unique fracture distribution and form of fixation that has yet to be reported in the literature. Full article

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Osteology, Volume 4, Issue 2 (June 2024) – 3 articles

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