Mugilids Display Distinct Trait-Mediated Patterns with a Reinvasion of Para Grass Urochloa mutica in a Tropical Estuary
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Shoreline Physiochemical Characteristics
2.2. M. cephalus Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE)
2.3. M. engeli CPUE
3. Discussion
3.1. M. cephalus
3.2. M. engeli
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Site Description
4.2. U. mutica Expansion Rates and Potential
4.3. Mullet Sampling
4.4. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dissolved Oxygen (mg L−1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Source | 1SS | 2MS | 3numDF | 4denDF | F | 5p |
Habitat | 0.074 | 0.074 | 1 | 41.98 | 8.735 | 0.0051 |
Invasion status | 0.092 | 0.046 | 2 | 43.07 | 5.469 | 0.0076 |
Habitat: Invasion status | 0.0005 | 0.0003 | 2 | 42.17 | 0.0298 | 0.97 |
Water Temperature (°C) | ||||||
Source | 1SS | 2MS | 3numDF | 4denDF | F | 5p |
Habitat | 0.079 | 0.079 | 1 | 40.76 | 44.76 | <0.001 |
Invasion status | 0.0031 | 0.0016 | 2 | 41.58 | 0.89 | 0.42 |
Habitat: Invasion status | 0.016 | 0.0079 | 2 | 41.06 | 4.46 | 0.018 |
Salinity (PSS) | ||||||
Source | 1SS | 2MS | 3numDF | 4denDF | F | 5p |
Habitat | 16.68 | 16.68 | 1 | 434.08 | 126.94 | <0.001 |
Invasion status | 0.31 | 0.16 | 2 | 42.12 | 1.20 | 0.31 |
Habitat: Invasion status | 0.70 | 0.35 | 2 | 434.13 | 2.67 | 0.07 |
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Sakihara, T.S.; Fukunaga, A.; Peyton, K.A. Mugilids Display Distinct Trait-Mediated Patterns with a Reinvasion of Para Grass Urochloa mutica in a Tropical Estuary. Fishes 2017, 2, 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020007
Sakihara TS, Fukunaga A, Peyton KA. Mugilids Display Distinct Trait-Mediated Patterns with a Reinvasion of Para Grass Urochloa mutica in a Tropical Estuary. Fishes. 2017; 2(2):7. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020007
Chicago/Turabian StyleSakihara, Troy S., Atsuko Fukunaga, and Kimberly A. Peyton. 2017. "Mugilids Display Distinct Trait-Mediated Patterns with a Reinvasion of Para Grass Urochloa mutica in a Tropical Estuary" Fishes 2, no. 2: 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020007