Biology 2012, 1(3), 778-793; doi:10.3390/biology1030778
Review

Recruitment of Transcription Complexes to Enhancers and the Role of Enhancer Transcription

Jared S. Stees 1 email, Fred Varn 1 email, Suming Huang 1 email, John Strouboulis 2 email and Jörg Bungert 1,* email
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA 2 Institute of Molecular Oncology, BSRC Alexander Fleming, Varkiza, 16002, Greece
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 1 November 2012; in revised form: 21 November 2012 / Accepted: 21 November 2012 / Published: 5 December 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Expression and Regulation)
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Abstract: Enhancer elements regulate the tissue- and developmental-stage-specific expression of genes. Recent estimates suggest that there are more than 50,000 enhancers in mammalian cells. At least a subset of enhancers has been shown to recruit RNA polymerase II transcription complexes and to generate enhancer transcripts. Here, we provide an overview of enhancer function and discuss how transcription of enhancers or enhancer-generated transcripts could contribute to the regulation of gene expression during development and differentiation.
Keywords: gene regulation; chromatin; transcription factor; noncoding RNA; histone modifications; enhancer; promoter

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MDPI and ACS Style

Stees, J.S.; Varn, F.; Huang, S.; Strouboulis, J.; Bungert, J. Recruitment of Transcription Complexes to Enhancers and the Role of Enhancer Transcription. Biology 2012, 1, 778-793.

AMA Style

Stees JS, Varn F, Huang S, Strouboulis J, Bungert J. Recruitment of Transcription Complexes to Enhancers and the Role of Enhancer Transcription. Biology. 2012; 1(3):778-793.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stees, Jared S.; Varn, Fred; Huang, Suming; Strouboulis, John; Bungert, Jörg. 2012. "Recruitment of Transcription Complexes to Enhancers and the Role of Enhancer Transcription." Biology 1, no. 3: 778-793.

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