Magnetic Nanoemulsions: Comparison between Nanoemulsions Formed by Ultrasonication and by Spontaneous Emulsification
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of the Nanoemulsions
2.2. In Vitro Release Assay
2.3. Release Kinetics Modelling
2.4. Long-Term Stability
2.5. Interaction with Proteins
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Preparation of Nanoemulsions
4.2.1. High Energy (HE) Method
4.2.2. Low Energy (LE) Method
4.2.3. Particle Size Measurements
4.2.4. Magnetic Measurements
4.2.5. Thermogravimetric Measurements
4.2.6. Lipid Determination
4.2.7. Iron Determination
4.2.8. IND Determination
4.2.9. In Vitro Release Assay
4.2.10. Modelling of Release Kinetics
4.2.11. Long-Term Stability Test
4.2.12. Interaction with Proteins
4.2.13. SDS-PAGE Electrophoresis
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nanoemulsion | Lipid/mg mL−1 | Iron/mg mL−1 | IND/mg mL−1 |
---|---|---|---|
HE | 0.824 ± 0.054 | 0.250 ± 0.030 | 0.46 ± 0.07 |
LE | 1.058 ± 0.040 | 0.210 ± 0.010 | 0.52 ± 0.08 |
Nanoemulsion | Mathematical Model | R2 | Equation |
---|---|---|---|
HE | Zero order First order Higuchi Hixson-Crowell Korsmeyer-Peppas | 0.5827 0.8078 0.7996 0.7384 0.9918 | Zero order First order Higuchi Hixson-Crowell Korsmeyer-Peppas |
LE | Zero order First order Higuchi Hixson-Crowell Korsmeyer-Peppas | 0.6219 0.8271 0.8340 0.7630 0.9458 |
Nanoemulsion | Parameters | Values |
---|---|---|
HE | kKP/min−n | 41 ± 3 |
n | 0.20 ± 0.02 | |
LE | kKP/min−n | 37 ± 7.1 |
n | 0.25 ± 0.05 |
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Rodríguez-Burneo, N.; Busquets, M.A.; Estelrich, J. Magnetic Nanoemulsions: Comparison between Nanoemulsions Formed by Ultrasonication and by Spontaneous Emulsification. Nanomaterials 2017, 7, 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070190
Rodríguez-Burneo N, Busquets MA, Estelrich J. Magnetic Nanoemulsions: Comparison between Nanoemulsions Formed by Ultrasonication and by Spontaneous Emulsification. Nanomaterials. 2017; 7(7):190. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070190
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodríguez-Burneo, Nathalia, Maria Antònia Busquets, and Joan Estelrich. 2017. "Magnetic Nanoemulsions: Comparison between Nanoemulsions Formed by Ultrasonication and by Spontaneous Emulsification" Nanomaterials 7, no. 7: 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070190