Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(6), 614; doi:10.3390/app7060614
Terawatt-Isolated Attosecond X-ray Pulse Using a Tapered X-ray Free Electron Laser
1
Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
2
Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science, Pohang 790-784, Korea
3
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Noethnitzer Street 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Kiyoshi Ueda
Received: 30 March 2017 / Revised: 29 May 2017 / Accepted: 8 June 2017 / Published: 13 June 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue X-Ray Free-Electron Laser)
Abstract
High power attosecond (as) X-ray pulses are in great demand for ultrafast dynamics and high resolution microscopy. We numerically demonstrate the generation of a ~230 attosecond, 1.5 terawatt (TW) pulse at a photon energy of 1 keV, and a 115 attosecond, 1.2 TW pulse at a photon energy of 12.4 keV, using the realistic electron beam parameters such as those of Korean X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) in a tapered undulator configuration. To compensate the energy loss of the electron beam and maximize its radiation power, a tapering is introduced in the downstream section of the undulator. It is found that the tapering helps in not only amplifying a target radiation pulse but also suppressing the growth of satellite radiation pulses. Tapering allows one to achieve a terawatt-attosecond pulse only with a 60 m long undulator. Such an attosecond X-ray pulse is inherently synchronized to a driving optical laser pulse; hence, it is well suited for the pump-probe experiments for studying the electron dynamics in atoms, molecules, and solids on the attosecond time-scale. For the realization of these experiments, a high level of synchronization up to attosecond precision between optical laser and X-ray pulse is demanded, which can be possible by using an interferometric feedback loop. View Full-TextKeywords:
UV; EUV; and X-ray lasers; attosecond pulses; free-electron laser; undulator radiation
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
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Kumar, S.; Landsman, A.S.; Kim, D.E. Terawatt-Isolated Attosecond X-ray Pulse Using a Tapered X-ray Free Electron Laser. Appl. Sci. 2017, 7, 614.
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