One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from Stibnite Concentrate Using Iron Oxide as Sulfur-Fixing Agent
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.3. Thermodynamic Considerations
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Molten Salt Dosage
3.2. Molten Salt Composition
3.3. Ferric Oxide Dosage
3.4. Smelting Temperature
3.5. Smelting Duration
3.6. Reductive Agent Dosage
3.7. Confirmation Experiments
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Materials/% | Sb | S | Fe | Pb | Cu | As | Bi | Au * | SiO2 | CaO |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stibnite concentrate | 48.08 | 25.13 | 5.14 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 101.05 | 12.14 | 0.90 |
Reductant | Industrial analysis | Chemical composition of the ash | LOI | |||||||
FCd | Vd | Ad | Fetotal | MgO | SiO2 | CaO | Al2O3 | |||
81.27 | 3.3 | 15.43 | 25.23 | 0.53 | 41.23 | 6.60 | 25.24 | 82.79 |
Reaction | (kJ/mol) [19] | Equation |
---|---|---|
Sb2S3 + 1.5Fe2O3 + 4.5C = 2Sb + 3FeS + 4.5CO (g) | (1) | |
Sb2S3 + 1.5Fe2O3 + 4.5CO (g) = 2Sb + 3FeS + 4.5CO2 (g) | (2) | |
Sb2S3 + 3Na2CO3 + 6C = 2Sb + 3Na2S + 9CO (g) | (3) | |
Sb2S3 + 3Na2CO3 + 3CO (g) = 2Sb + 3Na2S + 6CO2 (g) | (4) | |
Fe2O3 + 2Na2S + 1.5CO2 (g) + 0.5C = 2FeS + 2Na2CO3 | (5) |
No. | Chemical Compositions | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude Antimony/% | Slag/% | Lixivium/mg∙L−1 | ||||||||||||
Sb | Fe | Pb | Au | Sb | Fe | Pb | ST | Na | Sb | Fe | Pb | ST | Na | |
1# | 96.7 | 2.29 | 0.55 | 0.03 | 5.46 | 33.67 | 0.09 | 18.5 | 9.26 | 726 | 8.44 | 0.72 | 4642 | >14000 |
2# | 95.8 | 2.65 | 0.54 | 0.02 | 5.52 | 34.18 | 0.06 | 19.4 | 8.21 | 715 | 8.80 | 0.67 | 4824 | >14000 |
3# | 95.4 | 3.62 | 0.52 | 0.02 | 4.26 | 35.83 | 0.08 | 18.95 | 8.44 | 731 | 8.17 | 0.89 | 5012 | >14000 |
AVG | 96 | 2.85 | 0.54 | 0.02 | 5.08 | 34.56 | 0.08 | 18.95 | 8.64 | 724 | 8.47 | 0.76 | 4826 | >14000 |
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Li, Y.; Chen, Y.; Xue, H.; Tang, C.; Yang, S.; Tang, M. One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from Stibnite Concentrate Using Iron Oxide as Sulfur-Fixing Agent. Metals 2016, 6, 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6070153
Li Y, Chen Y, Xue H, Tang C, Yang S, Tang M. One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from Stibnite Concentrate Using Iron Oxide as Sulfur-Fixing Agent. Metals. 2016; 6(7):153. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6070153
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yun, Yongming Chen, Haotian Xue, Chaobo Tang, Shenghai Yang, and Motang Tang. 2016. "One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from Stibnite Concentrate Using Iron Oxide as Sulfur-Fixing Agent" Metals 6, no. 7: 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6070153