Catalysts 2017, 7(6), 172; doi:10.3390/catal7060172
Imidazoles-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as Latent Thermal Initiators in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether (GPE) and Hexahydro-4-Methylphthalic Anhydride (MHHPA)
1
Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Ashahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
2
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
3
R & D Group, ThreeBond Co., Ltd., 1-1 Oyama-cho, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0416, Japan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Monica Pica
Received: 16 February 2017 / Revised: 2 May 2017 / Accepted: 19 May 2017 / Published: 1 June 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zirconium Phosphate Catalysts)
Abstract
The capabilities of imidazoles-intercalated α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP·imidazole): imidazol (α-ZrP·Im), 2-methylimidazole (α-ZrP·2MIm), and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole (α-ZrP·2E4MIm) as latent thermal initiators were examined by the copolymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) and hexahydro-4-methylphthalic anhydride (MHHPA) with the imidazoles-intercalated α-zirconium phosphate at varying temperatures for one-hour periods. Polymerization was not observed until the reactants were heated to 100 °C or above. Increasing the temperature, polymerization in the presence of α-ZrP·Im, α-ZrP·2MIm, or α-ZrP·2E4MIm proceeded at 140 °C for 1 h with over 90% conversion. The thermal stabilities of α-ZrP·Im, α-ZrP·2MIm, and α-ZrP·2E4MIm in the reaction at 40 °C for 264 h were tested. With α-ZrP·2MIm, the conversion was less than 15% up to 96 h. In the cases of α-ZrP·Im and α-ZrP·2E4MIm, the conversion reached less than 15% at 264 h. The thermal stabilities of α-ZrP·Im, α-ZrP·2MIm, and α-ZrP·2E4MIm at 40 °C were superior to those of the commercially available thermal latent initiators: HX-3088 and HX-3722. View Full-TextKeywords:
latent thermal initiator; intercalation; α-zirconium phosphate; imidazole; glycidyl phenyl ether
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Shimomura, O.; Tokizane, K.; Nishisako, T.; Yamaguchi, S.; Ichihara, J.; Kirino, M.; Ohtaka, A.; Nomura, R. Imidazoles-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as Latent Thermal Initiators in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether (GPE) and Hexahydro-4-Methylphthalic Anhydride (MHHPA). Catalysts 2017, 7, 172.
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