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Toxins 2010, 2(5), 1019-1037; doi:10.3390/toxins2051019
Review
A Review on Toxic and Harmful Algae in Greek Coastal Waters (E. Mediterranean Sea)
1
National Center of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Institute of Biology, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
2
Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 19013 Anavyssos, Greece
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 22 March 2010; in revised form: 23 April 2010 / Accepted: 5 May 2010 / Published: 11 May 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Toxins)
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Abstract: The Greek coastal waters are subjected to harmful algal bloom (HAB) phenomena due to the occurrence of species characterized as toxic (TX), potentially toxic (PT), and non-toxic, high biomass (HB) producers causing harm at multiple levels. The total number of (TX), (PT) and (HB) algae reported in this work are 61, but only 16 species have been associated with the occurrence of important HABs causing damage in the marine biota and the water quality. These phenomena are sporadic in time, space and recurrence of the causative species, and are related to the anthropogenically-induced eutrophication conditions prevailing in the investigated areas.
Keywords: harmful algae; Aegean Sea; Ionian Sea
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MDPI and ACS Style
Ignatiades, L.; Gotsis-Skretas, O. A Review on Toxic and Harmful Algae in Greek Coastal Waters (E. Mediterranean Sea). Toxins 2010, 2, 1019-1037.
AMA StyleIgnatiades L, Gotsis-Skretas O. A Review on Toxic and Harmful Algae in Greek Coastal Waters (E. Mediterranean Sea). Toxins. 2010; 2(5):1019-1037.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnatiades, Lydia; Gotsis-Skretas, Olympia. 2010. "A Review on Toxic and Harmful Algae in Greek Coastal Waters (E. Mediterranean Sea)." Toxins 2, no. 5: 1019-1037.