Nutrients 2012, 4(12), 1851-1867; doi:10.3390/nu4121851
Article

Dose and Latency Effects of Leucine Supplementation in Modulating Glucose Homeostasis: Opposite Effects in Healthy and Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin-Resistance States

Nelo Eidy Zanchi 1,2,3,* email, Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira 2 email, Mário Alves de Siqueira-Filho 2 email, Vitor Felitti 1 email, Humberto Nicastro 1 email, Carlos Bueno Jr. 4 email, Fábio Santos Lira 3 email, Marshall Alan Naimo 5 email, Patrícia Campos-Ferraz 1 email, Maria Tereza Nunes 2 email, Marília Seelaender 3 email, Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho 2 email, François Blachier 6 email and Antonio Herbert Lancha Jr. 1 email
1 Laboratory of Applied Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil 3 Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil 4 Human Genome Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil 5 Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA 6 INRA, CRNH-IdF, UMR 914, Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, 78350, France
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 28 September 2012; in revised form: 1 November 2012 / Accepted: 14 November 2012 / Published: 27 November 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interaction of Amino Acids and Dietary Proteins and Exercise on Muscle Health)
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Abstract: Dexamethasone (DEXA) is a potent immunosupressant and anti-inflammatory agent whose main side effects are muscle atrophy and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. In this context, leucine supplementation may represent a way to limit the DEXA side effects. In this study, we have investigated the effects of a low and a high dose of leucine supplementation (via a bolus) on glucose homeostasis, muscle mass and muscle strength in energy-restricted and DEXA-treated rats. Since the leucine response may also be linked to the administration of this amino acid, we performed a second set of experiments with leucine given in bolus (via gavage) versus leucine given via drinking water. Leucine supplementation was found to produce positive effects (e.g., reduced insulin levels) only when administrated in low dosage, both via the bolus or via drinking water. However, under DEXA treatment, leucine administration was found to significantly influence this response, since leucine supplementation via drinking water clearly induced a diabetic state, whereas the same effect was not observed when supplied via the gavage.
Keywords: leucine supplementation; glucose homeostasis; skeletal muscle mass

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Zanchi, N.E.; Guimarães-Ferreira, L.; de Siqueira-Filho, M.A.; Felitti, V.; Nicastro, H.; Bueno, C., Jr.; Lira, F.S.; Naimo, M.A.; Campos-Ferraz, P.; Nunes, M.T.; Seelaender, M.; de Oliveira Carvalho, C.R.; Blachier, F.; Lancha, A.H., Jr. Dose and Latency Effects of Leucine Supplementation in Modulating Glucose Homeostasis: Opposite Effects in Healthy and Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin-Resistance States. Nutrients 2012, 4, 1851-1867.

AMA Style

Zanchi NE, Guimarães-Ferreira L, de Siqueira-Filho MA, Felitti V, Nicastro H, Bueno C, Jr, Lira FS, Naimo MA, Campos-Ferraz P, Nunes MT, Seelaender M, de Oliveira Carvalho CR, Blachier F, Lancha AH, Jr. Dose and Latency Effects of Leucine Supplementation in Modulating Glucose Homeostasis: Opposite Effects in Healthy and Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin-Resistance States. Nutrients. 2012; 4(12):1851-1867.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zanchi, Nelo E.; Guimarães-Ferreira, Lucas; de Siqueira-Filho, Mário A.; Felitti, Vitor; Nicastro, Humberto; Bueno, Carlos, Jr.; Lira, Fábio S.; Naimo, Marshall A.; Campos-Ferraz, Patrícia; Nunes, Maria T.; Seelaender, Marília; de Oliveira Carvalho, Carla R.; Blachier, François; Lancha, Antonio H., Jr. 2012. "Dose and Latency Effects of Leucine Supplementation in Modulating Glucose Homeostasis: Opposite Effects in Healthy and Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin-Resistance States." Nutrients 4, no. 12: 1851-1867.

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